The Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad Page
The Underground Railroad
100,000 slaves escaped using it

Updated October 2024
Posted January 2022

The Underground Railroad

The Underground Railroad was a system of trustworthy people and marked routes used by African—Americans to escape from slavery. Thousands of men, women and children guided by "conductors" traveled on foot or in special vehicles along this network of hiding places or "stations." In 1819 John Dimery became the first known passenger to use the route which linked Greensboro to Indiana, and his escape was arranged by a Quaker, Vestal Coffin. Guilford County Quakers had opposed slavery for decades, and many were active in this movement, which placed human rights above property rights. Levi Coffin, who was born at New Garden (Guilford College) in 1789 and moved to Indiana in 1826, also worked for the "railroad" and is identified as its "president." The woods near the New Garden Friends Meetinghouse and Boarding School were known as a railroad station, as were Richard Mendenhall's Inn at Jamestown and Joshua Stanley's house at Centre. Little was written about the Underground Railroad at the time, but the Reminiscences of Levi Coffin describe how the "baggage" or fugitives were handled and the way to freedom was marked.

It was not located underground nor was it a railroad:
It was symbolically underground as the network's clandestine activities were secret and illegal so they had to remain "underground" to help fugitive slaves stay out of sight. The term "railroad" was used because the railroad was an emerging system of transportation and its supporters used railroad code to communicate in secret language. Slaves used songs called spirituals to communicate with each other.

Homes where fugitives would stay and eat were called "stations" or "depots" the owner of the house was the "station master" and the "conductor" was the person responsible to move slaves from station to station. Those financing the Underground Railroad by donating money, food, and clothing were called "stockholders".

100,000 slaves escaped using the network:
The Underground Railroad was formed in the early 19th century and reached its height between 1850 and 1860. Much of what we know today comes from accounts after the Civil War and accurate statistics about fugitive slaves using the Underground Railway may never be verifiable. It is believed that around 100,000 slaves between 1810 and 1860 escaped using the network. The majority of the slaves came from the upper south states that bordered free states such as Kentucky, Virginia and Maryland; very few escaped from the Deep South. By the mid 1850s the term "Underground Railroad" was becoming familiar.

Many Routes:
The Underground Railway was a loosely organized network of connections with no clear defined routes. They provided houses, transportation to aid slaves to freedom. Small groups of supporters were organized independently, most knew few connecting stations but not the entire route. This system kept the secrecy of those involved and lowered the risk of infiltrations. Routes were often indirect to confuse slave catchers. There was no one set route, there were likely many of them. Hundreds or perhaps thousands of houses across the north were used as stations.

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850:
Until 1850 living in free states was relatively low risk for fugitives. After the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act as part of the Compromise of 1850 the Underground Railroad was rerouted to Canada as its final destination. Thousands of slaves settled in newly formed communities in Southern Ontario. Suddenly their job became more difficult and riskier. Those who helped slaves were subjected to $1000 fine or 6 months in prison. The Act made it illegal for a person to help a run away, and citizens were obliged under the law to help slave catchers arrest fugitive slaves. Slave catchers were handsomely rewarded, even free African Americans could be sent back south by destroying their free papers.

Civil War:
On January 1st, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation liberating slaves in Confederate states. After the war ended, the 13th amendment to the Constitution was approved in 1865 which abolished slavery in the entire United States and therefore was the end of the Underground Railroad.

http://www.harriet-tubman.org/underground-railroad

During the 1800s it was a network of people and safe houses that formed a series of escape routes that stretched from the American South to Canada and Mexico. The large-scale coordination and collaboration under such dangerous circumstances was a remarkable feat.

Unlike what the name suggests:
The Underground Railroad was not a subterranean railroad. It was a metaphor for a network of people and safe houses that helped people fleeing slavery attempt to reach freedom. No official membership was needed to be a part of the network; those who helped included formerly enslaved people, abolitionists, and ordinary citizens. The underground railroad provided food, shelter, clean clothing, and sometimes even help finding jobs for those seeking freedom.

https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/647759/underground-railroad-facts

The Real History:
Because so much of the Underground Railroad's history was forgotten, or deliberately suppressed, its memory melted into myth like few other pieces of the American past. Mention of the underground typically evokes a thrilling but vague impression of tunnels, disguises, mysterious codes, and hairsbreadth escapes. The real history of the Underground Railroad is indeed an epic of high drama. But its political and moral importance both in antebellum America and as a forerunner of modern Civil Rights activism far outweighs its legendary romance.

The Underground Railroad's origins can be traced to Philadelphia. There, at the turn of the 19th century, perhaps slightly earlier, Quaker antislavery activists joined with free African Americans in moving fugitive slaves, sometimes in disguise, from safehouse to safehouse, and from town to town in the Pennsylvania countryside, establishing techniques that would be used by the underground for decades to come.

The origin of the term "Underground Railroad" remains unknown. A probably apocryphal tale attributes it to the spontaneous remark of an anonymous citizen in Ripley, Ohio who, when asked by slave catchers where a fugitive had gone, replied that he must have disappeared on "an underground road." More likely, the terminology developed naturally during the 1830s and 1840s when the development of the underground coincided with that of iron railroads, whose language of "stations," "lines," "trains," "passengers," and "conductors" lent itself neatly to what the underground had been doing for decades.

Underground activity spread from Philadelphia to other Quaker communities in the surrounding states. It speeded up dramatically after the establishment of the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833.

By the 1850s, the underground had evolved into a flexible and interlocking system with thousands of activists reaching from the upper edges of the South to Canada. The majority of fugitives who succeeded in reaching free territory came from three states that had long borders with the North: Maryland, Virginia, and Kentucky. (West Virginia did not break away from Virginia to become a separate state until 1863.) Slave-owners commonly had an exaggerated idea of the underground's reach, however, often blaming it for the disappearance of virtually every slave who ran away anywhere in the South.

https://www.essentialcivilwarcurriculum.com/the-underground-railroad.html

Underground Railroad Map
Map:
The Underground Railroad was a covert and sometimes informal network of routes, safehouses, and resources spread across the country that was used by enslaved African Americans to gain their freedom. This effort was often spontaneous, with enslaved people beginning their journey to freedom unaided. Many freedom seekers completed their self-emancipation without assistance. In the 1820s and 1830s, the United States saw an increased effort to assist freedom seekers. This gave the impression that there was an organized "underground" network. In some cases, the decision to assist a freedom seeker may have been a spontaneous reaction. In other instances, particularly after the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, the Underground Railroad was deliberate and organized.

Enslaved people have always sought freedom, even in the earliest days of slavery. Colonial North America – including Canada and northern states in the US – was deeply involved in the slave trade. Newly enslaved Africans often ran away in groups intending to establish new communities in remote areas. Slavery also proliferated in northern states, making escape difficult. Before the mid-1800s, Spanish Florida and Mexico were the favored destinations for many escaping bondage. It was not until the northern states and Canada adopted emancipation laws that they became safer destinations for freedom seekers.

After Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, Canada became a haven for many attempting to obtain their freedom. This act made it both possible and profitable to hire slave catchers to find and arrest freedom seekers. This was a disaster for free Black communities in the North. Slave catchers often kidnapped African Americans who were actually legally free people.

But these seizures and kidnappings persuaded many more people to offer aid as part of the Underground Railroad. Individuals, couples, and even families participated in the Underground Railroad. Formerly enslaved men and women also played a significant role in aiding freedom seekers.

The end of the Civil War brought emancipation and the end of the Underground Railroad. As the Underground Railroad was composed of a loose network of individuals – enslaved and free – there is little documentation on how it operated. There are places associated with Underground Railroad located across the U.S., and a number of national preservation programs are dedicated to documenting these sites.

https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/the-places-of-the-underground-railroad.htm

Underground Railroad
Timeline:
https://www.softschools.com/timelines/underground_railroad_timeline/451

1790

Isaac T. Hopper Began Helping Fugitive Slaves:
During the 1790s, Isaac T. Hopper began the process of organizing the Underground Railroad, creating a network of safe spaces for fugitive slaves.

1820

Route from North Carolina to Indiana Established:
As early as the 1820s, the first long-distance route, with multiple stops, was established. This route could successfully transport slaves all the way from North Carolina to Indiana.

1826

Indiana Quakers Created Secret Rooms:
By 1826, Quakers in Indiana were building hidden, secret rooms in their homes, and false bottoms in their wagons. This enabled them to safely transport and hide fugitive slaves.

1830

David Ruggles and Isaac Hopper Created NYC Underground Railroad:
David Ruggles, with assistance from Isaac Hopper, created the New York City network of the Underground Railroad. During his lifetime, David Ruggles provided direct assistance to more than 6000 fugitive slaves, including Frederick Douglass.

1833

American Anti-Slavery Society Founded:
With growing abolitionist sentiments in the North, the American Anti-Slavery Society was founded in 1833; Americans had been exposed to progressively more criticism of slavery in preceding years.

1841

Establishment of the Dawn Institute:
Josiah Henson established the Dawn Institute. The Dawn Institute helped former slaves adapt to their new lives, teaching trades and essential skills.

1844

Adopted Language of the Railroad:
As the railways spread across America, the Underground Railroad, for the first time, took on the language of the railroad. Individuals working the Underground Railroad were called conductors, and safe places, stations.

1848

Thomas Garrett Tried and Acquitted:
In 1848, Thomas Garrett, a key figure on the Underground Railroad, was tried for his involvement in assisting fugitive slaves and acquitted.

1850

Fugitive Slave Act Passed:
The Fugitive Slave Act was passed in 1848. This required all individuals, including those in free states, to help in the capture and return of fugitive slaves.

1850

Harriet Tubman Escaped:
Harriet Tubman escaped slavery in 1850. She went onto become one of the most important conductors on the Underground Railroad, not only assisting individuals, but also going into the South to bring fugitive slaves to the North.

1853

Support for Underground Railroad Grew:
By 1853, support for the Underground Railroad grew rapidly. More people were willing to offer assistance to fugitive slaves, regardless of the law.

1861

Civil War Began:
The Civil War began with the attack on Fort Sumter in 1861. While the North fought to preserve the Union, slavery soon fell.

1861

Emancipation:
(1861 to 1865) The violence of the Civil War provided opportunities for freedom and escape, even before the Emancipation Proclamation in 1864.

Underground railroad map of the United States

Underground railroad map of the United States, ca. 1838-1860:

https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3701e.ct001517

Underground railroad map

Underground Railroad Codes:
  • Abolitionist — Person who demanded an immediate end to slavery.
  • Agent — Coordinator, who plotted courses of escape and made contacts.
  • Baggage — Fugitive slaves carried by Underground Railroad workers.
  • Bundles of wood — Fugitives that were expected.
  • Canaan — Canada.
  • Conductor — Person who directly transported slaves.
  • Drinking Gourd — Big Dipper and the North Star.
  • Flying bondsmen — The number of escaping slaves.
  • Forwarding — Taking slaves from station to station.
  • Freedom train — The Underground Railroad.
  • French leave — Secret departure.
  • Gospel train — The Underground Railroad.
  • Heaven — Canada, freedom.
  • Jumping off place — Place of shelter for fugitives.
  • Load of potatoes — Escaping slaves hidden under farm produce in a wagon.
  • Moses — Harriet Tubman.
  • Operator — Person who helped freedom seekers as a conductor or agent.
  • Parcel — Fugitives that were expected.
  • Patter roller — Bounty hunter hired to capture slaves.
  • Preachers — Leaders of and spokespersons for the Underground Railroad.
  • Promised Land — Canada.
  • River Jordan — Ohio River.
  • Shepherds — People who encouraged slaves to escape and escorted them.
  • Station — Place of safety and temporary refuge, a safe house.
  • Station master — Keeper or owner of a safe house.
  • Stockholder — Someone who gave money, clothing or food to the Underground Railroad.

Phrases:

  • The wind blows from the South today — A warning that slave bounty hunters were nearby.
  • A friend with friends — A password used to signal arrival of fugitives with an Underground Railroad conductor.
  • A friend of a friend sent me — A password used by fugitives traveling alone to indicate they were sent by the Underground Railroad network.
  • When the sun comes back and the first quail calls — Early spring, a particular time of year good for escaping.
  • The river bank makes a mighty good road — A reminder that tracking dogs could not follow the scent of fugitives through the water.
  • The dead trees will show you the way — A reminder that moss grows on the north side of dead trees, so if the North Star were not visible, they would know which way to walk.
  • Left foot, peg foot — A visual clue for escapees left by an Underground Railroad worker famous for his wooden leg.
  • The river ends between two hills — The Tombigbee River in Mississippi.
  • When the great big river meets the little river — The Ohio River and its tributaries.
  • Steal away, steal away, steal away to Jesus — Used to alert other slaves that an escape attempt was anticipated.

https://theundergroundrailroadcodes.weebly.com/vocabulary.html

Underground Railroad Quilt
Underground Railroad Quilts:
The quilts would appear on clotheslines throughout the path north to help the African Slave escape. Here is the code for each quilt block:

  • Monkey Wrench (upper left corner) - Gather your tools, we will be leaving within a couple of days. The slaves knew to pack food and other basic supplies for the journey.
  • Wagon Wheel (upper center) - If this quilt came out it meant they would be leaving on a wagon, or more likely below or as cargo on a wagon.
  • Bear Claw (upper right corner) - Follow the animal footprints through the fields and mountains.
  • Crossroads (center left) - If you are turning back, you must turn back now in order to make it back to the plantation before anyone knows your missing. (I tell people after this quilt, Harriet Tubman would have been forced to shoot you, because you would put everyone in danger if you didn't complete the journey.)
  • Log Cabin (center) - This is a safe house. The abolitionists displayed the log cabin quilt and provided food, clothing and shelter from slave catchers. The symbol of the log cabin means you are trustworthy.
  • Bow Tie (center right) - This is where you will change clothes. The African Slave was likely in the north, but not completely safe. They would need a new change of clothes, but even more so a change in demeanor. This household would help them look the part of a free Black person.
  • Drunkards Path (bottom left corner) - Slave catchers where in the area. Be careful on the road. Do not make a straight path to your next destination. Walk up one street then turn down another street, stop at a local store. Look as if you have business in the town and not moving through.
  • Boat (bottom center) - We are traveling by boat. Many African slaves went directly to ships and sailed to islands south of the United States a and north around the US to Canada. These were difficult journeys, and many did not make it.
  • North Star (bottom right corner) - This is the most important quilt on the journey. It represented freedom. If the African saw the display of the North Star, they knew they were in Canada and therefore free. They could not be returned to the United States by slave catchers.

    https://mennonitewomenusa.org/underground-railroad-quilt

Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman (1820-1913):
Known as the "Moses of her people," Harriet Tubman was enslaved, escaped, and helped others gain their freedom as a "conductor" of the Underground Railroad. Tubman also served as a scout, spy, guerrilla soldier, and nurse for the Union Army during the Civil War. She is considered the first African American woman to serve in the military.

Contrary to legend, Tubman did not create the Underground Railroad; it was established in the late eighteenth century by black and white abolitionists. Tubman likely benefited from this network of escape routes and safe houses in 1849, when she and two brothers escaped north. Her husband refused to join her, and by 1851 he had married a free black woman. Tubman returned to the South several times and helped dozens of people escape. Her success led slaveowners to post a $40,000 reward for her capture or death.

Tubman was never caught and never lost a "passenger."

Civil War:
Through the Underground Railroad, Tubman learned the towns and transportation routes characterizing the South—information that made her important to Union military commanders during the Civil War. As a Union spy and scout, Tubman often transformed herself into an aging woman. She would wander the streets under Confederate control and learn from the enslaved population about Confederate troop placements and supply lines. Tubman helped many of these individuals find food, shelter, and even jobs in the North.

https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/harriet-tubman

Levi Coffin (1798 - 1877):
Coffin was dedicated to peaceful measures to bring about the abolition of slavery. His home became the centre for the Underground Railroad which took runaway slaves north to Canada and freedom.

Coffin became known as the "president" of a loose federation of people who assisted fugitive slaves. It is estimated that Levi and his wife Catharine helped more than 2,000 slaves to freedom during the 20 years that they lived in Newport (Fountain City) Indiana.

One of the slaves who escaped was Eliza Harris, whose story is told in Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. Catharine and Levi Coffin were depicted as Simeon and Rachel Halliday. He died in 1877. His house is now a National Historic Landmark.

https://www.quakersintheworld.org/quakers-in-action/24/Levi-Coffin

Reminiscences of Levi Coffin
Reminiscences of Levi Coffin:
PREFACE.
I HAVE been solicited for many years to write a history of my anti-slavery labors and underground railroad experiences, and although I had kept a diary the most of my life, it was without any prospect of ever putting it into book-form. I had no desire to appear before the public as an author, having no claim to literary merit. What I had done I believed was simply a Christian duty and not for the purpose of being seen of men, or for notoriety, which I have never sought. But I was continually urged by my friends to engage in the work, believing that it would be interesting to the rising generation; but being so fully occupied with other duties, I seemed to find no time that I could devote to this work, so that it was put off from year to year. I also often received letters from different parts of the country, desiring me to write the history of my life and labors in the anti-slavery cause, reminding me that the most of my co-laborers had passed away, and that I must soon follow, and that these stirring anti-slavery times in which I lived and labored were a part of the history of our country, which should not be lost. But still I deferred it until now, in the seventy-eighth year of my age. And although I feel the infirmities of that period of life fast gathering around me, I have gathered up my diaries, and other documents that had been preserved, and have written a book. In my own plain, simple style, I have endeavored to tell the stories without any exaggeration. Errors no doubt will appear, which I trust the indulgent reader will pardon, in consideration of my advanced age and feebleness.

https://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/coffin/coffin.html

William Still (1821 - 1902):
He opened a stove store during the American Civil War and later started a coal delivery business. Often called "The Father of the Underground Railroad," Still helped as many as 60 slaves a month escape to freedom. He interviewed each person and keeping careful records, including a brief biography and the destination of each person, along with any alias that they adopted, though he kept his records carefully hidden. He is one of the many who helped slaves escape from Confederate America. After the Civil War, Still published the secret notes he'd kept in diaries during those years, and his book is a source of many historical details of the workings of the Underground Railroad.

https://aaregistry.org/story/william-still-philadelphia-abolitionist

The Underground Railroad by William Still:
The stories and methods of 649 slaves who escaped to freedom via the Underground Railroad

PREFACE TO REVISED EDITION.
Like millions of my race, my mother and father were born slaves, but were not contented to live and die so. My father purchased himself in early manhood by hard toil. Mother saw no way for herself and children to escape the horrors of bondage but by flight. Bravely, with her four little ones, with firm faith in God and an ardent desire to be free, she forsook the prison-house, and succeeded, through the aid of my father, to reach a free State. Here life had to be begun anew. The old familiar slave names had to be changed, and others, for prudential reasons, had to be found. This was not hard work. However, hardly months had passed ere the keen scent of the slave-hunters had trailed them to where they had fancied themselves secure. In those days all power was in the hands of the oppressor, and the capture of a slave mother and her children was attended with no great difficulty other than the crushing of freedom in the breast of the victims. Without judge or jury, all were hurried back to wear the yoke again. But back this mother was resolved never to stay. She only wanted another opportunity to again strike for freedom. In a few months after being carried back, with only two of her little ones, she took her heart in her hand and her babes in her arms, and this trial was a success. Freedom was gained, although not without the sad loss of her two older children, whom she had to leave behind. Mother and father were again reunited in freedom, while two of their little boys were in slavery. What to do for them other than weep and pray, were questions unanswerable. For over forty years the mother's heart never knew what it was to be free from anxiety about her lost boys. But no tidings came in answer to her many prayers, until one of them, to the great astonishment of his relatives, turned up in Philadelphia, nearly fifty years of age, seeking his long-lost parents. Being directed to the Anti-Slavery Office for instructions as to the best plan to adopt to find out the whereabouts of his parents, fortunately he fell into the hands of his own brother, the writer, whom he had never heard of before, much less seen or known. And here began revelations connected with this marvelous coincidence, which influenced me, for years previous to Emancipation, to preserve the matter found in the pages of this humble volume.

https://www.gutenberg.org/files/15263/15263-h/15263-h.htm

Songs of the Underground Railroad:
Songs were used in everyday life by African slaves. Singing was tradition brought from Africa by the first slaves; sometimes their songs are called spirituals. Singing served many purposes such as providing repetitive rhythm for repetitive manual work, inspiration and motivation. Singing was also use to express their values and solidarity with each other and during celebrations. Songs were used as tools to remember and communicate since the majority of slaves could not read.

Harriet Tubman and other slaves used songs as a strategy to communicate with slaves in their struggle for freedom. Coded songs contained words giving directions on how to escape also known as signal songs or where to meet known as map songs. Read more about Underground Railroad secret code language.

Songs used Biblical references and analogies of Biblical people, places and stories, comparing them to their own history of slavery. For example, "being bound for the land of Canaan" for a white person could mean ready to die and go to heaven; but to a slave it meant ready to go to Canada.

Sweet Chariot:
If f a slave heard this song he would know he had to be ready to escape, a band of angels are coming to take him to freedom. The Underground Railroad (sweet chariot) is coming south (swing low) to take the slave to the north or freedom (carry me home).

Sweet Chariot:Swing low, sweet chariot,
Coming for to carry me home,
Swing low, sweet chariot,
Coming for to carry me home.

I looked over Jordan and what did I see
Coming for to carry me home,
A band of angels coming after me,
Coming for to carry me home.

I you get there before I do,
Coming for to carry me home,
Tell all my friends that I'm coming, too,
Coming for to carry me home.

Unnamed:
Unnamed song sung by Harriet Tubman when approaching her group after taking a detour to get food for the day. This song lets them know it is not safe to come out, there is danger in the way.

Unnamed:Chorus:
Oh go down, Moses,
Way down into Egypt's land,
Tell old Pharaoh,
Let my people go.

Oh Pharaoh said he would go cross,
Let my people go,
And don't get lost in the wilderness,
Let my people go.

Chorus

You may hinder me here, but you can't up there,
Let my people go,
He sits in the Heaven and answeres prayer,
Let my people go!

Chorus

http://www.harriet-tubman.org/songs-of-the-underground-railroad

Network to Freedom Listings Map
Network to Freedom Listings Map:
Locations related to the Underground Railroad are part of the National Park Service's Network to Freedom program. The locations in this program include National Park units, as well as locations with a verifiable connection to the Underground Railroad.

The Network to Freedom currently contains over 690 locations nationwide with a verifiable connection to the Underground Railroad. These locations include sites, facilities and programs, most of which can be visited. The link to the interactive map below includes the locations of those open to the public and/or include public information about properties. Some locations are not plotted on the map for privacy and/or security reasons.

https://nps.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=6ae641046056452c8e20d72f9c3bcbd9

Network to Freedom Listings List:
All Network to Freedom listings that have public information available:

Network to Freedom

Underground Railroad
Network to Freedom List
https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/ntf-listings.htm
Alabama
SiteFort Gaines:
51 Bienville Blvd, Dauphin Island, Alabama 36568
SiteHal's Kingdom Marker:
https://www.clarkemuseum.com
South side of Choctaw Bluff Rd, Carletonleton, Alabama 36545
SiteWallace Turnage Historic Marker:
118 Conti St, Mobile, Alabama 36602
Arizona
ProgramPassage on the UGRR: A Photographic Journey:
521 E. Minton Drive, Tempe, Arizona 85282
Arkansas
SiteFreedom Park:
700 Biscoe Street, Helena-West Helena, Arkansas 72342
SitePoison Spring Battle Site:
1801 E Street S.E., Bluff City, Arkansas 71722
ProgramBattle of Pine Bluff Audio Tour:
http://www.arkansascivilwar150.com/civil-war-sites/audio
200 E. 8th Avenue, Pine Bluff, Arkansas 71601
ProgramCivil War Helena Tour:
https://www.arkansasheritage.com/delta-cultural-center'
502 Cherry Street, Arkansas, Arkansas 72342
ProgramNelson Hackett Project :
University of Arkansas Humanities Center, 416 N. Campus Drive, Old Main, 416, Fayetteville , Arkansas 72701
California
SiteMary A. Brown Burial Site:
Madronia Cemetery, Saratoga, California 95070
SiteMary Ellen Pleasant Burial Site:
411 Coombsville, Napa, California 94559
SiteOld Tuolumne County Courthouse:
41 Yaney Avenue, Sonora, California 95370
ProgramFootsteps to Freedom Study Tour:
http://www.blackvoicenews.com
The Black Voice News, Riverside, California 92501
ProgramHarriet Tubman: Bound for the Promised Land Jazz Oratorio:
48 Sycamore Street #3, San Francisco, California 94110
ProgramMeet Mary Pleasant/Oh Freedom:
http://www.mepleasant.com
M.E.P. Productions, San Francisco, California 94131-3015
FacilityCalifornia State Library:
http://www.library.ca.gov
914 Capitol Mall, Sacramento, California 95814
Colorado
SiteEdward T. Sheldon Burial Site at Evergreen Cemetery:
https://coloradosprings.gov
1005 Hancock Expressway, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80903
Connecticut
SiteNew London Custom House:
http://www.nlmaritimesociety.org
New London Custom House, New London, Connecticut 6320
FacilityHarriet Beecher Stowe Center:
http://www.harrietbeecherstowecenter.org
77 Forest St, Hartford, Connecticut 6105
DC
SiteAfrican American Civil War Memorial:
1000 U St., NW, Washington, DC 20009
SiteAsbury United Methodist Church:
11th & K Sts., NW, Washington, D. C., DC 20001
SiteBlanche K. Bruce Burial Site:
4611 Benning Road, S. E., Washington, D. C., DC 20017
SiteBlanche K. Bruce House:
909 M Street, N.W., Washington, D.C., DC 20009
SiteCamp Greene and Contraband Camp:
Theodore Roosevelt Island, Washington, DC 22101
SiteFrederick Douglass National Historic Site:
1411 W. Street, SE, Washington, DC 20020
SiteJohn Little Farm Site:
Kalorama Park, Washington, DC 20009
SiteLeonard Grimes Property Site:
22nd &H St., NW, Washington, DC, DC 20052
SiteMary Ann Shadd Cary House:
1421 W. St., N.W.,, Washington, DC 20009
SiteMt. Pleasant Plains Cemetery at Walter Pierce Park:
Between Calvert Street and Adams Mill Road, NW, Rock Creek and the National Zoo, Washington, DC 20009
SiteOld City Hall:
451 Indiana Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20001
SitePearl Affair Site:
7th & Water Streets, SW, Washington, DC 20000
SiteWilliam Boyd, John Dean, David A. Hall, and Hannibal Hamlin Burial Sites at Congressional Cemetery:
122 E. Camden-Wyoming Ave, Washington, DC 20003
ProgramFrom Slavery to Freedom:
African American Civil War Museum and Foundation, Washington, DC 20009
ProgramPEN OR PENCIL: Writing A New History:
National Alliance of Faith and Justice (NAFJ) P.O. Box 77075, Washington, DC 20013
ProgramSlavery and the Underground Railroad with a Focus on the Nation's Capital:
White House Visitor Center, Washington, DC, DC 20230
FacilityHoward University, Moorland-Spingarn Research Center:
Founders Library, Washington, DC 20059
FacilityWashingtoniana Division, DC Public Library:
https://www.dclibrary.org/node/35928
901 G Street, NW, Washington, D.C., DC 20001
Delaware
SiteAppoquinimink Friends Meeting House and Cemetery:
SR 299 West of US 13, Odessa, Delaware 19730
SiteCamden Friends Meeting House:
429 S. Quincy, Camden, Delaware 19934
SiteCorbit-Sharp House:
SW corner of Main & Second Streets, Odessa, Delaware 19730
SiteDelaware State House:
25 The Green, Dover, Delaware 19901
SiteJohn Dickinson Plantation:
340 Kitts Hummock Rd, Dover, Delaware 19901
SiteNew Castle Court House:
https://history.delaware.gov/museums/ncch/ncch_main.shtml
211 Delaware Street, New Castle, Delaware 19720
SiteRocks - Fort Christina State Park:
Seventh Street and the Christina River, Wilmington, Delaware 19801
SiteThomas Garrett House Site:
227 Shipley Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801
SiteTilly Escape Site, Gateway to Freedom: Harriet Tubman's Daring Route through Seaford, DE:
Gateway Park and Riverwalk, Seaford, Delaware 19973
SiteTubman Garrett Riverfront Park and Market Street Bridge:
Christina River between Market Street and Poplar S, Wilmington, Delaware 19801
SiteWilmington Friends Meetinghouse and Cemetery:
401 N.West Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801
ProgramLong Road to Freedom: The Underground Railroad in Delaware:
505 Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801
ProgramStar Hill Historical Society Museum:
357 Voshell Mill-Star Hill Road, Dover, Delaware 19901
FacilityDelaware Public Archives:
121 Duke of York St, Dover, Delaware 19901
FacilityHistorical Society of Delaware:
505 Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801
Florida
SiteAngola Maroon Community:
1312 2nd Avenue E, Bradenton, Florida 34208
SiteBarrancas (Gulf Islands National Seashore, NPS):
3182 Taylor Road, Pensacola , Florida 32508
SiteBill Baggs Cape Florida State Park:
1200 South Crandon Boulevard, Key Biscayne, Florida 33419
SiteCastillo:
https://www.nps.gov/casa
1 S. Castillo Drive, St. Augustine, Florida 32084
SiteFort Jefferson National Monument:
National Park Service, Homestead, FL, Florida 33034
SiteFort Mose:
Fort Mose Historic State Park, St. Augustine, Florida 32080
SiteFort Pickens:
https://www.nps.gov/guis
1400 Fort Pickens Road, Pensacola Beach, Florida 32561
SiteNegro Fort:
https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/apalachicola/recarea/?recid=75221
736 Fort Gadsden Road, Eastpoint, Florida 32328
SitePensacola Pass:
https://www.nps.gov/guis
1400 Fort Pickens Road, Pensacola Beach, Florida 32561-5116
ProgramFort Mose: Battle of Bloody Mose Anniversary Commemoration:
Fort Mose Historic State Park, St. Augustine, Florida 32084
ProgramFort Mose: Flight to Freedom: Annual Living History Program:
Fort Mose Historic State Park, St. Augustine, Florida 32084
ProgramFort Mose: Last Saturday Living History Program:
Fort Mose Historic State Park, St Augustine, Florida 32084
FacilityFamily Heritage Museum:
Manatee Community College, Bradenton, Florida 34207
FacilitySoutheast Archeological Center:
National Park Service, Tallahassee, Florida 32310
Georgia
Site Dungeness Plantation :
101 Wheeler Street, St. Mary's, Georgia 31558
SiteDr. Robert Collins House: William and Ellen Craft Escape Site:
830 Mulberry St, Macon, Georgia 31201
SiteFort Pulaski National Monument:
P.O. Box 30757, Savannah, Georgia 31410
SiteVann House :
https://gastateparks.org/ChiefVannHouse
82 GA-HWY 225 N., Chatsworth, Georgia 30705
ProgramMattie, Johnny and Smooth White Stones:
https://www.holyhillproductions.com
P.O. Box 312202, Atlanta, Georgia 31131
ProgramMattie, Johnny and Smooth White Stones: Part II:
Holy Hill Productions, Atlanta, Georgia 31131
ProgramMattie, Johnny and Smooth White Stones: Part III:
Holy Hills Productions, Atlanta, Georgia 31131
FacilityAuburn Avenue Research Library:
101 Auburn Avenue, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
FacilityNational Archives Southeast Region:
https://www.archives.gov/southeast
5780 Jonesboro Road, Morrow, Georgia 30260
Georgia/Tennessee
SiteChickamauga Battlefield and Missionary Ridge:
www.nps.gov/chch
3370 LaFayette Road, Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia/Tennessee 30742
Hawaii
SiteAnthony D. Allen Site:
1633 King Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96826
Illinois
Site Knox County Courthouse :
Main St, Knoxville, IL, Knoxville, Illinois 61448
SiteBlanchard Hall, Wheaton College (formerly known as College Building or Main Hall c. 1853-1926):
http://www.wheaton.edu/About-Wheaton/Map/Buildings/Blanchard-Hall
501 College Avenue, Wheaton, Illinois 60187
SiteCamp Warren Levis:
550 Boy Scout Lane, Godfrey, Illinois 62035
SiteCongregational Church, United Church of Christ:
520 W. College Avenue, Jacksonville, Illinois 62650-2406
SiteCrete Cemetery and Crete Congregational Church:
550-570 West Exchange Street, Crete, Illinois 60417
SiteDr. Richard Eells House:
415 Jersey Street, Quincy, Illinois 62301
SiteGillette House:
1005 Grove Street, Jacksonville, Illinois 62650
SiteGraceland Cemetery:
https://www.gracelandcemetery.org
4001 North Clark Street, Chicago, Illinois 60613
SiteHiram Rutherford, Dr., House:
PO Box 84, Oakland, Illinois 61943
SiteIllinois & Michigan Canal Headquarters:
https://willhistory.org
803 South State Street, Lockport, Illinois 60441
SiteIllinois College--Beecher Hall (Chapel) and the site of the College Building (1832-1852):
http://www.ic.edu
1101 W. College Ave., Jacksonville, Illinois 62650
SiteJameson Jenkins Lot (NPS, Lincoln Home National Historic Site):
516 South Eighth Street, Springfield, Illinois 62701
SiteKimzey Crossing/Locust Hill:
7883 Kimzey Road, Tamaroa, Illinois 62888
SiteLucius Read House:
https://www.enjoyillinois.com/explore/listing/byron-museum-of-history-and-lucius-read-house
101 W. Blackhawk, Byron, Illinois 61010
SiteNew Philadelphia Town Site:
Section 27, Hadley Township, South of County Highway 2, Barry, Illinois 62563
SiteNewsome Park:
http://elginhistory.org/community/newsome-park
Kimball Street and Dundee Avenue, Elgin, Illinois 60120
SiteOld Slave House:
https://www.illinois.gov/ihpa/Experience/Sites/Southeast/Pages/Crenshaw-House.aspx
4325 Crenshaw Lane, Junction, Illinois 62954-2019
SiteOwen Lovejoy House:
http://owenlovejoyhomestead.com
Route 6 East, Princeton, Illinois 61356
SitePettengill House:
201 SW Jefferson St, Peoria, Illinois 61602
SiteQuinn Chapel AME Church:
108 North 5th Street, Brooklyn, Illinois 62059
SiteRocky Fork:
Rocky Fork Road and 550 Boy Scout Lane, Godfrey, Illinois 62035
SiteSheldon Peck House:
355 E. Parkside, Lombard, Illinois 60148
SiteTon Farm Site:
557 E 134th Pl, Chicago, Illinois 60624
ProgramGalesburg Colony UGRR Freedom Station at Knox College:
Old Knox County Jail, Galesburg, Illinois 61401
ProgramProject 2-3-1 Two Boxcars, Three Blocks, One City: A Story of Elgin's African American Heritage:
http://elginhistory.org/community/project-2-3-1-documentary
Elgin History Museum, Elgin, Illinois 60120
ProgramUnderground Railroad in Illinois:
1541 Hill Avenue, Wheaton, Illinois 60187
Indiana
SiteBethel African Methodist Episcopal Church:
414 West Vermont Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-3215
SiteCaroline Escape Marker:
4783 East County Road 280 North, Greensburg, Indiana 47240
SiteChapman Harris House:
Dr. and Mrs. Paul Cronen, Madison, Indiana 47250
SiteCharles Grier Burial at Antioch Cemetery:
8560 IN-165, Owensville, Indiana 47665
SiteDavid and Mary Hartin Stormont Burials at Archer Cemetery:
http://upc-princeton.org/archer_cemetery
County Rd 100 N, Princeton, Indiana 47670
SiteDecatur County Court House:
150 Court House Square, Greensburg, Indiana 47240
SiteDr. Samuel Tibbets House:
6882 W. SR 250, Madison, Indiana 47250
SiteGeorgetown Neighborhood in Madison, IN:
Sheets & Wharton, Woodburn, Camby North Addition, Madison, Indiana 47250
SiteGraves et al. State of Indiana Historical Marker:
http://www.in.gov/history/3700.htm
Memorial Park, Bristol, Indiana 46507
SiteHannah Toliver Historical Marker:
Pearl Street and West Riverside Drive, Jeffersonville, Indiana 47130
SiteHistoric Eleutherian College:
http://eleutherian-college.org
6927 W. State Road 250, Madison, Indiana 47250
SiteIsaiah Walton House Site:
6927 W. State Road 250, Madison, Indiana 47250
SiteJohn Gill and Martha Wilson Craven Home:
6927 W. State Road 250, Madison, Indiana 47250
SiteLevi Coffin House State Historic Site:
https://www.indianamuseum.org/levi-and-catharine-coffin-state-historic-site
113 U.S. 27 N, Fountain City, Indiana 47341
SiteLyman Hoyt House:
7147 West State Road 250, Madison, Indiana 47250
SiteOswell Wright Historic Marker:
417 Chestnut Street, NE, Corydon, Indiana 47112-1203
SiteSeymour Train Station:
Corner of Jeffersonville Avenue, St. Louis Avenue, and Cicle Street, Seymour, Indiana 47274
SiteSpeed Cabin:
http://lane-mchs.org
212 South Water Street, Crawfordsville, Indiana 47933
SiteSpeed Cabin Historical Marker:
http://www.in.gov/history/markers/485.htm
310 North Grant Street, Crawfordsville, Indiana 47933
SiteTibbets House:
6810 N. Boyd Road, Madison, Indiana 47250
SiteUnion Literary Institute:
8605 600 South, Lynn, Indiana 47355
SiteWilliam and Margaret Hicklin House:
2330 S County Road 675 E Btrvl., North Vernon, Indiana 47265
ProgramCarnegie Center for Art and History:
201 E. Spring Street, New Albany, Indiana 47150
ProgramFreedom is My Home:
P.O. Box 2281, Columbus, Indiana 47202
ProgramIndiana Freedom Trails Educational and Research Program:
http://www.indianafreedomtrails.org
Indiana Freedom Trails, Indianapolis, Indiana 46206
ProgramUnderground Railroad in Floyd County, Indiana:
Carnegie Center for Art and History, New Albany, Indiana 47150
ProgramUnderground Railroad Initiative, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Historic Preservation and Archeology:
IN DNR DHPA, Indianapolis, Indiana 46204-2739
Iowa
SiteAspen Grove Cemetery:
http://www.aspengrovecemetery.com
2043 Sunnyside Avenue, Burlington, Iowa 52601
SiteDenmark Cemetery:
Denmark Township, Section 28, Turner Avenue and North 3rd Street, Denmark, Iowa 52624
SiteDenmark Congregational Church:
401 Academy Avenue, Denmark, Iowa 52624
SiteEdwin James Burial Site at Rock Springs Cemetery:
Rock Springs Cemetery, Burlington, Iowa 52601
SiteHitchcock House:
http://www.hitchcockhouse.org
63788 567th Lane, Lewis, Iowa 51544
SiteIra Blanchard House and Cemetery:
Undisclosed, Percival, Iowa 55555
SiteJ.H.B. Armstrong House:
105 West Pleasant Street, Cincinnati, Iowa 52549
SiteJames C. Jordan House:
2001 Fuller Rd, West Des Moines, Iowa 50265
SiteJohn "Jack" Howe Burial Site at Bedford City Cemetery:
Bedford City Cemetery, Bedford, Iowa 50833
SiteJosiah B. Grinnell Burial Site at Hazelwood Cemetery:
200 First Avenue, Grinnell, Iowa 50112
SiteLewelling-Gibbs House:
401 South Main Street, Salem, Iowa 52649
SiteMarion Hall Site:
Northeast corner of Washington and 4th Street, Burlington, Iowa 52601
SiteNewton Union Cemetery:
https://www.newtongov.org/211/Interment-Listing
1601 W 4th St N, Newton, Iowa 50208
SiteNishnabotna Ferry House:
701 Minnesota Street, Lewis, Iowa 51544
SiteOakdale Memorial Gardens:
http://www.oakdalememorialgardens.org
2501 Eastern Avenue, Davenport, Iowa 52803
SiteShattering Silence Monument for the In re Ralph Supreme Court Case of Iowa:
http://dsmpublicartfoundation.org/public-art/shattering-silence
1111 East Court Avenue, Des Moines, Iowa 50319
SiteTabor Cemetery:
26502 Waubonsie Avenue, Tabor, Iowa 51653
SiteTodd House:
http://www.taboriowahistoricalsociety.org/todd.html
705 Park St., Tabor, Iowa 51653
SiteTrowbridge House:
603 7th Street, Denmark, Iowa 52624
SiteWilliam Salter House:
111 South 8th Street, Burlington, Iowa 52601
SiteWilliam Wallace Merritt, Sr. Burial Site at Evergreen Cemetery:
http://cemetery.redoakcemetery.com/kiosk/redoak.asp
1900 North 8th Street, Red Oak, Iowa 51566
SiteWinterset Jail:
198 West Jefferson Street, Winterset, Iowa 50273
SiteWittemberg Church and Cemetery:
662 Holly Avenue, Newton, Iowa 50208
SiteWoodland Cemetery:
https://www.dsm.city/business_detail_T6_R99.php
2019 Woodland Avenue, Des Moines, Iowa 50312
Kansas
SiteCaptain William Mitchell Farm:
288831 Mt. Mitchell Road, Wamego, Kansas 66547
SiteConstitution Hall--Topeka:
427-429 S. Kansas Avenue, Topeka, Kansas 66601
SiteDr. John Doy House (archeological ruins):
2 undeveloped platted lots at E end of, Lawrence, Kansas 66049
SiteFort Scott National Historic Site:
https://www.nps.gov/fosc/index.htm
1 Old Fort Boulevard, Fort Scott, Kansas 66701-0918
SiteGrover Barn:
2819 Stone Barn Terrace, Lawrence, Kansas 66047
SiteHenry and Ann Harvey Farm:
10475 Walton Road, Harveyville, Kansas 66431
SiteHenry Hiatt House Site, Twin Mound:
Twin Mound Kansas, County Road 1023, Douglas County, Kansas 66047
SiteJohn and Mary Ritchie House:
http://www.shawneecountyhistory.org
1943 E. 1125 Street, Topeka, Kansas 66607
SiteJohn Armstrong House:
Harmary Acres, Topeka, Kansas 66601
SiteJohn E. Stewart Property:
1116 SE Madison Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66046
SiteJoseph Gardner Cabin Site:
261 North 851 Diagonal Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66049
SiteMount Mitchell Heritage Prairie:
29377 Mitchell Prairie Lane, Wamego, Kansas 66547
SiteOwens House:
3212 Rochester Road, Topeka, Kansas 66617
SitePlanters Hotel Site:
Corner of Esplanade St. and Shawnee St.-Sidewalk (City Right-Away), Leavenworth, Kansas 66048
SiteQuindaro Ruins:
3507 N 27th St, Kansas City, Kansas 66112
SiteWabaunsee Cemetery:
Highway K-18, Wabaunsee, Kansas 66401
ProgramAfrican American Quilt Museum and Textile Academy (Marla Quilts, Inc.):
http://www.freedomsfrontier.org/Visitors/Sites/Comments.aspx?id=170
2001 Haskell Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas 66044
ProgramFreedom's Frontier National Heritage Area:
http://freedomsfrontier.org
200 West 9th Street, PO Box 526, Lawrence, Kansas 66044-0526
ProgramHonor Our Ancestors: the Freedom Seekers of Old Quindaro Exhibit:
https://www.visitkansascityks.com/listing/old-quindaro-museum-and-information-center-inc/68
Old Quindaro Museum and Information Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66104
ProgramUnderground Railroad in Douglas County, Kansas:
c/o Wayne Wildcat, 501 Louisiana Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66044
FacilityWakarusa River Valley Heritage Museum:
14800 Governor Oden Bowie Drive, Overbrook, Kansas 66524
FacilityWatkins Community Museum of History:
https://www.watkinsmuseum.org
1047 Massachusetts Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66044
Kentucky
SiteCamp Nelson War Heritage Park:
6614 Old Danville Pike, Nicholasville, Kentucky 40356
SiteThornton and Lucie Blackburn Marker:
https://history.ky.gov
4th and Main Street, Louisville, Kentucky 40204
ProgramHarriet Tubman and the UGRR: Art of Mark Priest:
http://markapriest.org
3512 River Park Dr, Louisville, Kentucky 40211
ProgramInstitute for Freedom Studies:
http://www.nku.edu/-freedom
Landrum 330, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099
ProgramLong Walk: Slavery to Freedom:
J. Camille Cultural Academy, Louisville, Kentucky 40241-2131
ProgramLucy Higgs Nichols:Civil War Nurse:
9800 Springbark Dr, Louisville, Kentucky 40241
ProgramThe Underground Railroad in Boone County KY Bus Tour:
1786 Burlington Pike, Burlington, Kentucky 41005
FacilityBoone County Public Library, Local History Department:
1786 Burlington Pike, Burlington, Kentucky 41005
FacilityJ.C. Barnett Library and Archives:
Oldham County Historical Society, La Grange, Kentucky 40031
Louisiana
SiteLos Adaes:
Los Adaes State Historic Site, Robeline, Louisiana 71449
FacilityCammie G. Henry Research Center:
Northwestern State University of Louisiana, Natchitoches,, Louisiana 71457
FacilityRiver Road African American Museum and Gallery:
http://www.africanamericanmuseum.org
406 Charles Street, Donaldsonville, Louisiana 70346
Maine
SiteAbyssinian Meeting House:
73-75 Newbury St, Portland, Maine 4101
SiteHarriet Beecher Stowe House:
Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine 4011
SiteHeuston Burying Ground:
Heuston Burying Ground, Brunswick, Maine 4011
Maryland
Site Lizzie Ambie Escape Site :
207 High Street, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
SiteBaltimore Railroad (B&O) Museum:
https://www.borail.org
901 W Pratt St., Baltimore, Maryland 21223
SiteElkridge Furnace:
5745 Furnace Ave, Elkridge, Maryland 21075
SiteHenry Highland Garnet Escape Site:
615 Morgnec Road, Chestertown, Maryland 21620
SiteHenry Massey Escape Site :
142 Carriage Heath, Chester, Maryland 21619
SiteMount Calvert Historical and Archaeological Park:
16302 Mount Calvert Road, Upper Marlboro, Maryland 20772
SiteRoedown Farm:
3856 Wayson Road, Davidsonville, Maryland 21035
SiteSotterley:
PO Box 67, Hollywood, Maryland 20636
SiteTurkey Point Farm & Light Station:
https://dnr.maryland.gov/publiclands/Pages/central/elkneck.aspx
4395 Turkey Point Road, North East, Maryland 21901
SiteWilliam Chaplin Arrest Site:
M-NCPPC--Jesup Blair Park, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
ProgramHarriet Tubman UGRR Visitor Center:
4068 Golden Hill Road, Church Creek, Maryland 21622
ProgramRural Legacy Trail: UGRR Experience:
c/o M-NCPPC, Sandy Spring, Maryland 20910
ProgramThe William Still Interpretive Center: Tragedy and Triumph on the Road to Freedom:
https://harriettubmanbyway.org/william-still-interpretive-center
Caroline County 4H Park, 8230 Detour Road, Denton, Maryland 21629
FacilityTodd Research Center- African American Collection:
P.O. Box 1509, Cambridge, Maryland 21623
SiteArthur W. Leverton Farm:
John S. Ayton State Forest Tree Nursery, Preston, Maryland 21655
SiteBelair Mansion:
12207 Tulip Grove Drive, Bowie, Maryland 20715
SiteBerry Farm:
Oxon Cove Farm, Oxon Hill, Maryland 20745
SiteBest Farm/L'Hermitage:
Monocacy National Battlefield, Frederick, Maryland 21704
SiteButtons Creek:Jane Kane Escape Site:
Blackwater River at Buttons Creek, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
SiteCamp Stanton, USCT:
South side Rt 231, Benedict, Maryland 20646
SiteCaroline County Courthouse and Jail:
Courthouse Square, Denton, Maryland 21629
SiteCatoctin Iron Furnace and Manor House Ruins:
13102 Catoctin Mountain Highway, Thurmont, Maryland 21788
SiteChesapeake & Delaware Canal:
http://www.nap.usace.army.mil
Army Corps of Engineers, Chesapeake and Delaware Museum, Chesapeake City, Maryland 21915
SiteChesapeake and Ohio Canal:
Chesapeake & Ohio Canal NHP, Hagerstown, Maryland 21740
SiteChoptank River:
https://visitcaroline.org
Caroline County Tourism, Denton, Maryland 21629
SiteDarnall's Chance:
P.O. Box 10851, Upper Marlboro, Maryland 20772
SiteDenton Steamboat Wharf Site, Choptank River:
http://www.harriettubmanbyway.org
10219 River Landing Road, Denton, Maryland 21629
SiteDorchester County Courthouse:
2 Rose Hill Place, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
SiteDugan's Wharf Site: Tillly's Escape:
http://www.aqua.org
National Aquarium, Pier 4, Baltimore, Maryland 21202
SiteElizabeth Keckly Burial Site:
National Harmony Memorial Park, Largo, Maryland 20792
SiteFerry Hill Plantation:
Chesapeake & Ohio Canal NHP, Hagerstown, Maryland 21742
SiteFreedom Site of Emily Plummer (Riversdale):
Riversdale House Museum, Riverdale Park, Maryland 20737
SiteGrantham and Forrest Farm:
31245 Chesterville Bridge Road, Millington, Maryland 21651
SiteHampton National Historic Site:
Hampton NHS, Towson, Maryland 21286
SiteHays-Heighe House: Sam Archer Escape:
http://www.harford.edu/community/hays-heighe-house
Harford Community College, Bel Air, Maryland 21015
SiteHoward County Courthouse (1840-1842):
Ellicott Mills Drive at Main Street, Ellicott City, Maryland 21043
SiteHoward County Courthouse (1843):
8360 Court Avenue, Ellicott City, Maryland 21043
SiteHoward County Jail:
1 Emory Street, Ellicott City, Maryland 21043
SiteIsaac Henry Wright, Sr., Farm Site/Escape of 4 men with Harriet:
4042 Baker Road, East New Market, Maryland 21613
SiteJacob and Hannah Leverton House:
3531 Seaman Road, Preston, Maryland 21655-2412
SiteJefferson Patterson Park and Museum:
http://www.jefpat.org
10515 Mackall Road, St. Leonard, Maryland 20685
SiteJoseph Cornish Escape from Gilpin's Point:
c/o Caroline Office of Tourism, Denton, Maryland 21629
SiteLong Wharf at Cambridge:
http://harriettubmanbyway.org
100 High Street, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
SiteMarietta House:
5626 Bell Station Road, Glenn Dale, Maryland 20769
SiteMaryland State House:
91 State Circle, Annapolis, Maryland 21401
SiteMount Clare:
1500 Washington Blvd., Baltimore, Maryland 21230
SiteMouth of Swann Creek Escape Site:
13551 Fort Washington Road, Fort Washington, Maryland 20744
SiteNorthampton Slave Quarters and Archaeological Park:
Lake Overlook Drive, Bowie, Maryland 20721
SiteOld Jail of St. Mary's County:
Box 212, Leonardtown, Maryland 20650
SiteParson's Creek: Keene Family Escape Route:
Parsons Creek at Route 16, Madison, Maryland 21648
SitePerryville Railroad Ferry and Station Site:
Perry Point VA Medical Center, Perry Point, Maryland 21902
SitePoint Lookout State Park:
11175 Point Lookout Road, Scotland, Maryland 20687
SitePoplar Neck Plantation at Marsh Creek:
Northwest side of Marsh Creek Bridge, Preston, Maryland 21655
SitePort Tobacco Courthouse:
PO Box 302, Port Tobacco, Maryland 20677
SitePresident Street Station:
601 President St., Baltimore, Maryland 21202
SiteReddy Gray Burial Site, Loudon Park National Cemetery:
https://www.cem.va.gov/cems/nchp/loudonpark.asp
Loudon Park National Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland 21228
SiteReverend Samuel Green and the Original Colored People's Methodist Episcopal Church:
https://www.harriettubmanbyway.org
509 Railroad Avenue, East New Market, Maryland 21631
SiteRichard Potter Home Site:
9 N. 4th Street, Denton, Maryland 21629
SiteRichard Potter Rescue Celebration Site:
4 N. 2nd Street, Denton, Maryland 21629
SiteRiley Farm/Bolten House [Josiah Henson Park]:
11420 Old Georgetown Road, Rockville, Maryland 20852
SiteRockland:
9030 Sharpsburg Pike, Fairplay, Maryland 21733
SiteStaplefort Farm: Bob Manokey Escape Site:
Wildlife Drive, Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
ProgramA Journey Begins:
http://www.adkinsarboretum.org
PO Box 100, Ridgely, Maryland 21660
ProgramAdventures of Harriet Tubman:
Heart of Dorchester Tours, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
ProgramBanneker-Douglass Museum:
84 Franklin Street, Annapolis, Maryland 21401
ProgramExperience Harriet Tubman by Land:
http://www.blackwaterpaddleandpedal.com
Blackwater Paddle & Pedal, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
ProgramExperience Harriet Tubman by Sea:
http://www.blackwaterpaddleandpedal.com
Blackwater Paddle & Pedal, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
ProgramExperience Harriet Tubman by Sea II:
http://www.blackwaterpaddleandpedal.com
Blackwater Paddle & Pedal, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
ProgramFrederick Douglass Driving Tour of Talbot County:
Historical Society of Talbot County, Easton, Maryland 21601
ProgramFrederick Douglass Freedom and Heritage Trail & Tour:
P. O. Box 3014, Baltimore, Maryland 21229
ProgramHarriet Tubman Byway:
Harriet Tubman Byway, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
ProgramHarriet Tubman Conference (location changes):
416-418 Race Street, Cambridge, Maryland 21613
ProgramIn Their Steps:
http://www.peerlessrockville.org
Peerless Rockville Historic Preservation, Ltd., Rockville, MD, Maryland 20850
ProgramReginald F. Lewis Museum:
830 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202
ProgramUnderground Railroad Experience Trail Hike:
Woodlawn Manor Cultural Park, 16501 Norwood Road, Sandy Spring, Maryland 20860
ProgramUnderground Railroad: Maryland's Network to Freedom:
Maryland Office of Tourism Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21202
FacilityHoward County Historical Society:
http://www.hchsmd.org
9421 Frederick Road, Ellicott City, Maryland 21042
FacilityJane C. Sween Library, Montgomery Co. Historical Society:
http://www.montgomeryhistory.org
111 West Montgomery Avenue, Rockville, Maryland 20850
FacilityMaryland State Archives:
350 Rowe Boulevard, Annapolis, Maryland 21401
FacilitySouthern Maryland Studies Center:
College of Southern Maryland, La Plata, Maryland 20646
Massachusetts
Site Lewis and Harriet Hayden House :
66 Phillips Street, Boston, Massachusetts 2114
Site Middlesex Mechanics Association Hall and Building (Lowell National Historical Park, NPS) :
167 Dutton Street, Lowell, Massachusetts 1852
Site The Wampanoag Tribe and the Randall Burton/Edgar Jones Escape Marker :
West Basin Road, Aquinnah, Massachusetts 2535
SiteAfrican Meeting House:
http://maah.org/site14.htm
8 Smith Court, Boston, Massachusetts 2114
SiteBasil Dorsey and Thomas H. Jones House:
225 Nonotuck St, Florence, Massachusetts 1062
SiteEscape of Esther from Edgartown Harbor:
Edgartown waterfront & Chappaquiddick Island, Edgartown, Massachusetts 2539
SiteFaneuil Hall:
https://www.nps.gov/bost/learn/historyculture/fh.htm
Faneuil Hall Square, Boston, Massachusetts 2109
SiteHart and Mary Leavitt House:
1593 Mohawk Trail, Charlemont, Massachusetts 1339
SiteJackson House:
527 Washington Street, Newton, Massachusetts 2458
SiteJoseph Grinnell Mansion:
379 County Street, New Bedford, Massachusetts 02740-4988
SiteJoseph Story House:
26 Winter Street, Salem, Massachusetts 1970
SiteJoshua Bowen Smith House:
79 Norfolk St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2139
SiteMount Auburn Cemetery:
http://www.mountauburn.org
580 Mount Auburn Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2138
SiteNancy Adams Burial Site, New Almshouse Cemetery:
80 Almshouse Road, Uxbridge, Massachusetts 1569
SiteNathan and Polly Johnson House:
21 Seventh Street, New Bedford, Massachusetts 2740
SiteRoger Hooker and Keziah Leavitt House:
Route 2, Charlemont, Massachusetts 1339
SiteRoss House:
123 Meadow Street, Florence, Massachusetts 1062
SiteSamuel May Jr. House:
Becker College, Leicester, Massachusetts 1609
SiteSergeant William H. Carney House:
, New Bedford, Massachusetts 2740
SiteTappan-Philbrick House:
182 Walnut Street, Brookline, Massachusetts 2445
SiteWayside:
182 Walnut Street, Concord, Massachusetts 1742
SiteWilliam Ingersoll Bowditch House:
455 Lexington Road, Brookline, Massachusetts 2445
ProgramBoston Black Heritage Trail:
https://www.nps.gov/boaf
Boston African American National Historic Site, Boston, Massachusetts 2109
ProgramBoston: An Underground Railroad Hub :
15 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 2109
ProgramDiscovering New Bedford's Underground Railroad History:
33 William Street, New Bedford, Massachusetts 2747
ProgramPoets, Shoemakers and Freedom Seekers:
Salem Maritime NHS, Salem, Massachusetts 1970
ProgramRocking the Cradle: The Anthony Burns Meeting:
15 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 2109
ProgramSafe Harbor: Boston's Maritime Underground Railroad:
https://www.nps.gov/boaf
15 State Street National Parks of Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 2109
FacilityCenter for Lowell History, University of Massachusetts:
http://libguides.uml.edu/archives/home
40 French Street, Lowell, Massachusetts 1852
FacilityDavid Ruggles Center for Early Florence History and UGRR Studies:
Rochester Public Library, Florence, Massachusetts 1062
FacilityLongfellow House-Washington's Headquarters:
105 Brattle St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 2138
FacilityMassachusetts Historical Society:
http://www.masshist.org
1154 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts 2215
FacilityNational Archives and Records Admin. Boston:
Northeast Region, Waltham, Massachusetts 2452
FacilityNew Bedford Free Public Library:
613 Pleasant St, New Bedford, Massachusetts 2740
FacilitySpringfield History Museum:
Springfield History Library, Springfield, Massachusetts 1103
Michigan
SiteAdam Crosswhite Marker:
Lincoln Street and Michigan Avenue, Marshall, Michigan 49068
SiteBlackburn Rescue and Riots (1833) at the Wayne County Jail Site:
http://www.detroitpubliclibrary.org
121 Gratiot, Detroit, Michigan 48226
SiteBucky Harris Park (formerly Jackson Public Square):
https://www.cityofjackson.org/129/Parks-Recreation-Cemeteries-Trails
Northeast Corner of North Jackson Street and West Michigan Avenue, Jackson, Michigan 49203
SiteDr. Nathan M. Thomas House:
https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/mi1.htm
613 East Cass Street, Schoolcraft, Michigan 49087
SiteElmwood Cemetery:
http://www.elmwoodhistoriccemetery.org
1200 Elmwood Street, Detroit, Michigan 48207
SiteFinney Barn Site:
1212 Griswold Street, Detroit, Michigan 48226-1802
SiteFirst Congregational Church of Detroit:
33 E. Forest Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48201
SiteGeorge deBaptiste House:
441 E. Jefferson, Detroit, Michigan 48226
SiteGuy Beckley House:
1425 Pontiac Trail, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
SiteIsaac Bailey Burial Site at Oakhill Cemetery:
Corner of Hall and Eastern SE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49507
SiteJackson, MI Michigan Central Railroad (MCRR) Corridor:
A railroad right of way from 118 N. Columbus St. (on the west end of the corridor) to 501 E. Mich. Ave. (on the east end of the corridor) in downtown Jackson, MI., Jackson , Michigan 49203
SiteJohn Felix White Gravesite at Fairview Cemetery:
https://www.a2gov.org/departments/city-clerk/Fairview-Cemetery/Pages/default.aspx
1401 Wright St, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104
SiteJohn Lowry Burial Site at Lodi Cemetery:
2700-3498 Saline-Ann Arbor Road, Saline, Michigan 48176
SiteJonathan Walker Grave and Marker:
http://www.co.muskegon.mi.us/768/Jonathan-Walker
Evergreen Cemetery, Muskegon, Michigan 49443
SiteLaura Smith Haviland Commemorative Drinking Fountain:
Lenawee County Historical Museum, Adrian, Michigan 49221
SiteMcCoy Cabin Site at Starkweather Farm:
1266 Huron River Drive, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197
SiteMt. Evergreen Cemetery:
161 West Michigan Avenue., Jackson, Michigan 49203
SiteNathan Power Burial Site:
Gill Road about 6/10 of a mile south of Grand River Ave, between Cortland and State Streets, Farmington, Michigan 48335
SiteSecond Baptist Church:
http://www.secondbaptistdetroit.org
441 Monroe Street, Detroit, Michigan 48266
SiteSt. Matthews Episcopal Church (now St. Matthews St. Josephs Episcopal Church):
http://smsjdetroit.org
8850 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202
SiteStephen Bogue House and Marker:
https://www.urscc.org
20283 M-60 East, Cassopolis, Michigan 49031
SiteUnderground Railroad Monument (Battle Creek):
Battle Creek Linear Park between Capital Avenue, Battle Creek, Michigan 49017
SiteW. W. Harwood Farm:
6356 Michigan Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108
SiteWatkins Farm:
https://www.washtenaw.org/Facilities/Facility/Details/Watkins-Lake-State-Park-County-Preserve-28
14801 Arnold Road, Brooklyn, Michigan 49230
ProgramCaroline Quarlls: A Family Legacy of Freedom:
18435 Ohio Street, Detroit, Michigan 48221
ProgramCass County Underground Railroad "Wax Museum in a Box" :
PO Box 124, Vandalia, Michigan 49095-8750
ProgramFlight to Freedom:
National Park Service, Detroit, Michigan 48201
ProgramJourney To Freedom Underground Railroad Tours:
African American Cult/Hist Mus of Washtenaw Co., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104
ProgramMichigan Freedom Trail Commission:
http://www.michigan.gov/dnr
Michigan Historical Center, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Lansing, Michigan 48909-8240
ProgramUnderground Railroad Society of Cass County UGRR Driving Tour :
https://www.urscc.com
PO Box 124, Vandalia, Michigan 49095
FacilityBonine House UGRR Research Library :
18970 M 60, Vandalia, Michigan 49095-8750
FacilityYpsilanti Historical Museum Archives:
220 North Huron Street, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197
Mississippi
SiteCorinth Contraband Camp:
850 North Parkway Street, Corinth, Mississippi 38834
SiteForks of the Road Enslavement Market Terminus:
St. Catherine Street, Natchez, Mississippi 39121
Missouri
SiteBattle of Island Mound State Historic Site:
http://www.mostateparks.com/park/battle-island-mound-state-historic-site
7 miles west of Butler MO on NW 1002 Rd., , Missouri 65102
SiteMary Meachum Freedom Crossing:
St Louis Riverfront Trail, St. Louis, Missouri 63147
SiteOld Courthouse/Jefferson National Expansion Memorial:
Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, St. Louis, Missouri 63102
SiteRobert A. Brown House:
23916 Prettyman Road, Harrisonville, Missouri 64701
Nebraska
SiteBarbara Ann Kagey Mayhew Bradway Burial Site:
Camp Creek Cemetery, Nebraska City, Nebraska 68410
SiteHarrison Johnson Burial Site at Wyuka Funeral Home and Cemetery:
http://wyuka.com
3600 O Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68510
SiteHenry Burden House:
Saline County Historical Society, Dorchester, Nebraska 68343
SiteJohn Jefferson McWilliams Burial Site at Wyuka Funeral Home and Cemetery:
http://wyuka.com
3600 O Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68510
SiteLewis Washington Burial Site at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (a.k.a. Forest Lawn Cemetery):
http://www.forestlawnomaha.com
PO Box 12006, Omaha, Nebraska 68152
SiteMayhew Cabin:
http://www.mayhewcabin.org
2012 4th Corso, Nebraska City, Nebraska 68410
SiteNebraska House Site:
Corner of Water Street and Steam Boat Trace Trail, Brownville, Nebraska 68321
SiteNuckolls Residence Site:
Corner of 5th and Main (Central Avenue), Nebraska City, Nebraska 68410
SiteRobert Ball Anderson Burial Site at Hemingford Cemetery:
http://ci.hemingford.ne.us/cemetery
Hemingford Cemetery, Hemingford, Nebraska 69348
SiteRuth Cox Adams Burial Site at Wyuka Cemetery:
http://wyuka.com/cemetery
Wyuka Cemetery, Licoln, Nebraska 68510
SiteTable Rock Cemetery:
https://www.tablerockhistoricalsociety.com/table-rock-cemetery.html
9th St and Pennsylvania St, Table Rock, Nebraska 68447
ProgramForever Free:
Westside High School, Omaha, Nebraska 68114
ProgramNebraska's Winding Road to Statehood: In the Footsteps of Barbara Mayhew, a Female Settler performed by Sara Brandes Crook:
6919 "R" Road, Peru, Nebraska 68421
New Jersey
SiteAbigail and Elizabeth Goodwin House:
47 Market Street, Salem, New Jersey 8079
SiteStephen Smith House:
104 Trenton Avenue, Cape May, New Jersey 8204
ProgramCape May Underground Railroad Trolley Tour:
https://www.centerforcommunityarts.org
717 Franklin Street, Cape May, New Jersey 8204
New York
Site1816 Farmington Quaker Meetinghouse:
160 County Route 8, Farmington, New York 14425
SiteAsa Wing:
3392 NYS Route 69, Parish, New York 13131
SiteBlack Rock Ferry (Broderick Park):
1170 Niagara Street, Buffalo, New York 14213
SiteBristol Hill Church:
NYS Route 3, Fulton, New York 13069
SiteBuckout-Jones Building:
5-13 West Bridge Street, Oswego, New York 13126
SiteCayuga County Courthouse:
152 Genesee Street, Auburn, New York 13021
SiteDavid and Martha Wright House Site:
192 Genesee Street, Auburn, New York 13201
SiteEdwin W. Clarke House:
31 Varick Street, Oswego, New York 13126
SiteFirst Baptist Church of Elmira:
121 West Church Street, Elmira, New York 14901
SiteGeorge and Rebecca Barnes House:
930 James St, Syracuse, New York 13203
SiteGerrit Smith Estate:
Main Street, Peterboro, New York 13134
SiteHamilton and Rhoda Littlefield House:
44 East Oneida Street, Oswego, New York 13126
SiteHarriet Tubman Burial Site at Fort Hill Cemetery:
19 Fort St, Auburn, New York 13021
SiteHarriet Tubman House:
180 South Street, Auburn, New York 13021
SiteHerman and Hannah Phillips House:
3000 State Route 34B, Aurora, New York 13021
SiteHowland Stone Store:
http://www.howlandstonestore.org
Box 124, Aurora, New York 13026
SiteHunt House:
Women's Rights NHP, Waterloo, New York 13165
SiteJames Canning and Lydia Fuller House:
98 Genesee Street, Skaneateles, New York 13152
SiteJervis Langdon:
413 Lake Street, Elmira, New York 14901
SiteJohn B. and Lydia Edwards House:
144 East Third Street, Oswego, New York 13126
SiteJoshua W. and Samantha Wright House:
61 Bridge Street, Seneca Falls, New York 13148
SiteKelsey's Landing at Lower Falls, Rochester:
http://www.cityofrochester.gov/maplewoodpark
89 Maplewood Drive, Rochester, New York 14613
SiteLouis Napoleon House Site:
Bloomingdale Rd, Staten Island, New York 10309
SiteM'Clintock House:
Women's Rights NHP, Waterloo, New York 13165
SiteMatilda Joslyn Gage House:
210 East Genesee Street, Fayetteville, New York 13066
SiteMichigan Street Baptist Church:
https://www.michiganstreetbuffalo.org
511 Michigan Avenue, Buffalo, New York 14203
SiteMoses Viney Burial Site at Vale Cemetery:
Vale Cemetery, Schenectady, New York 12307
SiteMount Hope Cemetery:
50 Montgomery Street, Rochester, New York 14620
SiteNorth Street Meeting House:
2960 Brick Church Road, Aurora, New York 13026
SiteOrson Ames House:
3339 Main Street, Mexico, New York 13114
SiteOswego Market House:
Water Street, Oswego, New York 13126
SiteOswego School District Public Library:
120 East Second Street, Oswego, New York 13126
SitePark Church:
208 West Gray Street, Elmira, New York 14901
SitePlymouth Church of the Pilgrims:
75 Hicks Street, Brooklyn, New York 11201
SiteRouses Point Pier:
c/o Lebanon Cemetery Association, Rouses Point, New York 12979
SiteSamuel and Elizabeth Cuyler House Site:
B. Forman Park, Pultneyville, New York 14489
SiteSecond Street Cemetery:
317 East Church St, Elmira, New York 14901
SiteSlocum and Hannah Howland House:
1781 Sherwood Road, Sherwood, New York 13147
SiteStarr Clark Tin Shop:
3250 Main Street, Mexico, New York 13114
SiteStephen and Harriet Myers Residence:
http://undergroundrailroadhistory.org/the-stephen-and-harriet-myers-residence
194 Livingston Avenue, Albany, New York 12210
SiteThomas and Elizabeth James House:
52 State St, Seneca Falls, New York 13148
SiteThomas Elliott and Ann Marie Stewart Elliott House:
31 Richardson Avenue, Auburn, New York 13021
SiteUtica Rescue at Judge Hayden's Law Office:
96-98 Genesee St, Utica, New York 13502
SiteWilliam and Frances Seward House:
http://www.sewardhouse.org
33 South Street, Auburn, New York 13021
SiteWoodlawn Cemetery:
1200 Walnut St, Elmira, New York 14905
ProgramAwaakaba's Riverstroll:
Akwaaba: Heritage Associates Inc, Rochester, New York 14609
ProgramErie Canalway UGRR Program:
National Park Service, Cohoes, New York 12047
ProgramHarriet's Return:
Karen Jones Meadows, New York, New York 10036
ProgramMany Roads to Freedom:
http://www.libraryweb.org/rochimag/roads/home.htm
1133 Mount Hope Avenue, Rochester, New York 14604
ProgramMurphy Orchards:
2402 McClew Road, Burt, New York 14028
ProgramNorth Star UGRR Museum:
https://northcountryundergroundrailroad.com/museum.php
North Star UGRR Museum, Ausable Chasm, New York 12911
ProgramSandy Ground Historical Society's UGRR Program:
1538 Woodrow Rd, Staten Island, New York 10309
ProgramSolomon Northup Day:
http://solomonnorthupday.com
Renee Moore, Ausable Chasm, New York 12944
ProgramTudor E. Grant: Fugitive Slave to Oswego Businessm:
Richardson-Bates House Museum, Oswego, New York 13126
ProgramUnderground Railroad Heritage Trail:
Peebles Island Resource Center, Waterford, New York 12188
FacilityBowne House Historical Society:
http://www.bownehouse.org
37-01 Bowne Street, Flushing, New York 11354-5628
FacilityBrooklyn Historical Society:
128 Pierrepont St, Brooklyn, New York 11201
FacilityCayuga County Historian's Office:
Historic Old Post Office Building, 3rd floor, Auburn, New York 13021
FacilityMexico Museum:
5319 Jefferson Street, Mexico, New York 13114
FacilityNational Archives and Records Administration New York City:
https://www.archives.gov/nyc
1 Bowling Green, New York, New York 10014
FacilityNew York Historical Society:
http://www.newyorkdivided.org
170 Central Park West, New York, New York 10024
FacilityOnondaga Historical Association Museum:
311-321 Montgomery Street, Syracuse, New York 13202
FacilityRichardson-Bates House Museum:
135 East Third Street, Oswego, New York 13126
FacilitySeymour Library:
176-78 Genesee Street, Auburn, New York 13021
FacilityUnited States Colored Troops Institute, Hartwick College:
Breese Hall, Oneonta, New York 13820
North Carolina
SiteColonial Park:
Broad Street, along Edenton Bay Waterfront, Edenton, North Carolina 27932
SiteGreat Dismal Swamp:
2356 Highway 17N, South Mills, North Carolina 27976
SiteGuilford College Woods (formerly New Garden Woods):
Guilford College, Greensboro, North Carolina 27410
SiteHotel DeAfrique Monument:
Graveyard Atlantic Museum, Hatteras, North Carolina 27943
SiteNeuse River:
Eastern North Carolina, New Bern, North Carolina 28560
SiteNew Garden Friends Meeting and Cemetery:
801- 901 New Garden Rd, Greensboro, North Carolina 27410
SiteOld Town of Halifax:
Historic Halifax State Historic Site, Halifax, North Carolina 27839
SiteOrange Street Landing:
Dept. of Community Srvs., Wilmington, North Carolina 28401
SitePasquotank River:
NORTHEAST NORTH CAROLINA, Elizabeth City, NC, North Carolina 27909
SiteRoanoke Canal Trail:
15 Jackson Street Extension, Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina 27870
SiteRoanoke Island Freedom Colony Memorial Garden:
Old County Road & Airport Road, Manteo, North Carolina 27959
SiteRoanoke Island Freedom Colony, Fort Raleigh National Historic Site:
National Park Service, Manteo, North Carolina 27959
SiteRoanoke River:
Northeast North Carolina, Roanoke, North Carolina
SiteSomerset Place:
2572 Lake Shore Road, Creswell, North Carolina 27928
SiteWashington North Carolina Waterfront:
At the waterfront on Hackney Ave to Haven's Gardens, Washington, North Carolina 27889
ProgramPathway to Freedom:
SNOW CAMP HISTORICAL DRAMA SOCIETY, SNOW CAMP, North Carolina 27349
FacilityDigital Library on American Slavery:
http://library.uncg.edu/slavery
320 College Avenue, Greensboro, North Carolina 27412
FacilityQuaker Archives at Hege Library at Guilford College (formerly Friends Historical Collection):
5800 West Friendly Avenue, Greensboro, North Carolina 27410
Ohio
Site Liberty Monument :
Corner of Front & Main Streets, Ripley, Ohio 45167
Site Oviatt House :
https://www.oviatthouse1836.com.
3771 Oviatt Road, Richfield, Ohio 44286-9628
SiteAlbert Austin (A.A.) Guthrie House:
405 Woodlawn Avenue, Zanesville, Ohio 43701
SiteAlexander Campbell House:
114 Front Street, Ripley, Ohio 45167
SiteAugustus West Site/Abolition Road:
10815 State Route 41 N, Greenfield, Ohio 45165
SiteBeecher Family House:
2950 Gilbert Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45206-1545
SiteBloomingburg Presbyterian Church:
27 Wayne Street, Bloomingburg, Ohio 43106
SiteBunker Hill House:
7919 State Route 177, Camden, Ohio, Ohio 45311
SiteChambers Baird House:
201 North 2nd Street, Ripley, Ohio 45167
SiteCharles B. Huber Farm:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
975 West Main Street, Williamsburg, Ohio 45176
SiteCharles B. Huber House:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com
160 Gay Street, Williamsburg, Ohio 45176
SiteCharles Cheney Home Site:
http://hamiltonavenueroadtofreedom.org/?page_id=563
Hamilton Ave. next to Cross County Hwy, Mt. Healthy, Ohio 45231
SiteClermont County Courthouse:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com
270 East Main Street, Batavia, Ohio 45103
SiteCol. William Hubbard House:
http://www.hubbardhouseugrrmuseum.org
1603 Walnut Boulevard, Ashtabula, Ohio 44004-2666
SiteDecatur Cemetery:
Decatur-Eckmansville Rd, Decatur, Ohio 45168
SiteDr. L. T. Pease House:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
180 Gay Street, Williamsburg, Ohio 45176
SiteDr. William E. Thompson House:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
213 E. Plane Street, Bethel, Ohio 45106
SiteErie Street Cemetery:
2254 East 9th Street, Cleveland, Ohio 44115
SiteFelicity Wesleyan Church:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
305 Main Street, Felicity, Ohio 45120
SiteGeorge and Sarah Guthrie House:
521 Woodlawn Avenue, Zanesville, Ohio 43701
SiteGist Settlement in Scott Township, Brown County Historical Marker:
4642 Wahlsburg East Road, Georgetown, Ohio 45121
SiteGist Settlement, Eagle Township, Brown County Historical Marker:
 Five Points-Fincastle Road, Sardinia, Ohio 45171
SiteHaines House:
http://www.haineshouse.org
806 Milner Street, Alliance, Ohio 44601
SiteHanby House:
P.O. Box 1063, Westerville, Ohio 43086-1063
SiteHenry and Louisa Picquet Burials at Samarian (Good Samaritan) Cemetery:
2391-2466 OH-132, New Richmond, Ohio 45157
SiteHoward Family Farm:
23891 West River Road, Grand Rapids, Ohio 43522
SiteJames A. Garfield National Historic Site:
https://www.nps.gov/jaga/index.htm
8095 Mentor Avenue, Mentor, Ohio 44060
SiteJames and Sophia Clemens Farm:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
467 Stingley Road, Greenville, Ohio 45331
SiteJohn Brown House:
http://www.summithistory.org
514 Diagonal Road, Akron, Ohio 44320
SiteJohn King Farm:
Intersection of State Route 109 and, Delta, Ohio 43515
SiteJohn P. Parker House:
https://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/oh2.html
P.O. Box 264, Ripley, Ohio 45167
SiteJohn Rankin House:
6152 Rankin Road, Ripley, Ohio 45167
SiteKing Family Cemetery:
King Cemetery, Delta, Ohio 43515
SiteKirby Avenue Corridor (Escape of the 28):
http://www.hamiltonavenueroadtofreedom.org
Kirby Ave. from Glenview Ave. to Belmont Ave., Cincinnati, Ohio 45224
SiteLake View Cemetery :
https://www.lakeviewcemetery.com
12316 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
SiteLindale Baptist Church and Cemetery:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
3052 St. Rt. 132, Amelia, Ohio 45102
SiteLucas Beecher House:
215 West Washington Row, Sandusky, Ohio 44870
SiteMacedonia Baptist Church:
2237 County Road 120, South Point, Ohio 45680
SiteMajor Horace and Lucinda Belknap Nye House (aka: Nye-Potts House):
228 Adams Street, Zanesville, Ohio 43701
SiteMarcus Sims-The Charles Huber Tannery:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com
134 S. Second Street, Williamsburg, Ohio 45176
SiteMcCague House:
212 North Front Street, Ripley, Ohio 45167
SiteNelson T. Gant House:
1845 W Main Street, Zanesville, Ohio 43701
SiteNew Richmond, Ohio, Waterfront:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
Front Street, New Richmond, Ohio 45157
SiteOberlin-Wellington Rescue Monument:
Martin Luther King, Jr., Park, Oberlin, Ohio 44074
SiteOffice of the Philanthropist Newspaper:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com
Lot 33 B & C, New Richmond, Ohio 45157
SiteOld Calvary Methodist Church:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
St. Rt. 756, Moscow, Ohio 45153
SitePath to Freedom Sculpture at Facer Park:
Intersection of Hancock and East Water Streets, Sandusky, Ohio 44870
SitePleasant Hill Cemetery:
Basore Road, Rushville, Ohio 43150
SitePutnam Presbyterian Church:
467 Woodlawn Avenue, Zanesville, Ohio 43701
SitePutnam Stone Academy:
http://www.muskingumcountyhistory.org
115 Jefferson Street, Zanesville, Ohio 43701
SiteRankin-McNishe House:
220-224 Front Street, Ripley, Ohio 45167
SiteRed Oak Presbyterian Church and Old Cemetery:
5754 Cemetery Road, Ripley, Ohio 45167
SiteRobert E. Fee Burial Site:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com
U.S. Rt. 52, Moscow, Ohio 45153
SiteRobert Fee House:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com
Water Street, Moscow, Ohio 45176
SiteRush R. Sloane House:
403 East Adams Street, Sandusky, Ohio 44870
SiteRutherford B. and Lucy Hayes' Home at Spiegel Grove:
https://www.rbhayes.org
Spiegel Grove, Fremont, Ohio 43420
SiteSalmon Portland Chase Historical Marker:
302 E. 3rd Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202
SiteSpring Grove Cemetery and Arboretum:
http://www.springgrove.org
4521 Spring Grove Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45232
SiteSpring Hill Historic House:
http://www.springhillhistorichome.org
1401 Spring Hill Lane NE, Massillon, Ohio 44646
SiteSugar Tree Wesleyan Church Cemetery:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
Crane School House Road, Bethel, (Tate Township), Ohio 45106
SiteTate Township Cemetery:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
East Street, Bethel, Ohio 45106
SiteThomas Morris, U.S. Senator, Burial Site:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com
St. Rt. 133 (North Main Street), Bethel, Ohio 45106
SiteUnderground Railroad/Abolition Boats Provide an Escape to Freedom in Erie County Historic Marker:
Shoreline Park, Sandusky, Ohio 44870
SiteUnion Baptist Cemetery:
https://www.union-baptist.net
4933 Cleves Warsaw Pike, Cincinnati , Ohio 45238
SiteUri B. Seeley House:
969 Riverside Drive, Painesville, Ohio 44077
SiteWesleyan Cemetery:
4003 Colerain Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45223
SiteWestwood Cemetery:
Bounded by Morgan, Professor, Lincoln, Hamilton, Oberlin, Ohio 44074
SiteWickerham Inn:
28136 State Route 41, Peebles, Ohio 45660
SiteWill Sleet House:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
Harrison Ave, Felicity, Ohio 45120
SiteWilliam E. Thompson, Dr., Boyhood House:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com
137 South Main Street, Bethel, Ohio 45106
SiteWilliamsburg Cemetery:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com/
Unavailable, Williamsburg, Ohio 45176
SiteWilson Bruce Evan House:
https://evanshhs.org
33 East Vine Street, Lorain, Ohio 44074
SiteWoodland Cemetery:
http://wcfcle.org
6901 Woodland Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44104
SiteZion Baptist Church:
http://www.zioncincinnati.org
630 Glenwood Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
Program"Boats of Sandusky's Underground Railroad" at the Maritime Museum of Sandusky:
http://www.sanduskymaritime.org
125 Meigs Street, Sandusky, Ohio 44870
ProgramClermont County Trail Tour:
https://www.visitclermontohio.com
Clermont CCVB, Batavia, Ohio 45103
ProgramClermont County Underground Public Education Program:
60 North Second Street, Batavia, Ohio 45103
ProgramExperience the Underground Railroad:
Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Brecksville, Ohio 44141
ProgramFugitive's Path"Escape on the Underground Railroad:
Hale Farm and Village, Bath, Ohio 44210
ProgramJohn Brown, Slavery, Abolition and the Underground Railroad " Discovery Trunk for The Summit County Historical Society of Akron, Ohio:
http://www.summithistory.org
514 Diagonal Road, Akron, Ohio, Akron, Ohio 44320
ProgramNational Underground Railroad Freedom Center (NURFC):
http://www.freedomcenter.org
50 East Freedom Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202
ProgramOn the Trail To Freedom in Lorain County:
Lorain County Visitors Bureau, Amherst, Ohio 44001-2711
ProgramSpring Hill Historic House Tour:
1401 Spring Hill Lane NE, Massillon, Ohio 44646
ProgramUnderground Railroad and Its Connection to the Ohio Valley:
http://www.ugrrf.org
206 High Street, Flushing, Ohio 43977
ProgramWayneville's Role in the Underground Railroad:
Mary L. Cook Public Library, Waynesville, Ohio 45068
FacilityHudson Library and Historical Society:
96 Library Street, Hudson, Ohio 44236
FacilityOberlin College Archives:
http://www.oberlin.edu/archive
402 Mudd Center, Oberlin, Ohio 44074
FacilityOberlin Heritage Center/O.H.I.O:
P.O. Box 0455, Oberlin, Ohio 44074, Oberlin, Ohio 44074
FacilitySandusky Library:
114 West Adams Street, Sandusky, Ohio 44870
FacilitySmith Library of Regional History:
https://www.lanepl.org/research/smith-library
15 South College Avenue, Oxford, Ohio 45056
FacilitySutliff Museum:
http://www.sutliffmuseum.org
444 Mahoning Ave. Northwest, Warren, Ohio 44483
FacilityUnion Township Library:
https://ripleylibrary.com
27 Main Street, Ripley, Ohio 45167
Oklahoma
SiteHoney Springs Battlefield:
1863 Honey Springs Battlefield Rd., Checotah, Oklahoma 74426
Pennsylvania
SiteAllegheny Portage Railroad National Historic Site:
110 Federal Park Rd, Gallitzin, Pennsylvania 16641
SiteAmtrak Railroad Corridor:
2955 Market St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
SiteBelmont Mansion:
https://www.belmontmansion.org
2000 Belmont Mansion Drive, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19131
SiteCliveden:
http://www.cliveden.org
6401 Germantown Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19144
SiteColumbia-Wrightsville Bridge Remains and Pennsylvania Canal Ruins at Columbia:
Susquehanna Riverfront between PA Rt 462, PA Rt 30 and Norfolk Southern right of way, Columbia, Pennsylvania 17512
SiteCumberland County Courthouse:
2 Courthouse Square, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013
SiteCyrus Griest Burial Site at Menallen Friends:
1107 Carlisle Road, Biglerville, Pennsylvania 17307
SiteEdward Mathews Burial Site at Yellow Hill:
Yellow Hill Rd, Butler Township, Pennsylvania 17307
SiteF. Julius LeMoyne House:
http://www.wchspa.org
49 East Maiden Street, Washington, Pennsylvania 15301
SiteFair Hill Burial Ground:
Cambria St and Germantown Ave, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19133
SiteHenry Watson Burial Site Mt Vernon Cemetery:
Music is Spirit, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania 17201
SiteIndependence National Historical Park:
313 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
SiteJohnson House:
http://www.johnsonhouse.org
6306 Germantown Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19144
SiteKaufman's Station at Boiling Springs:
Front St, Race St, Village Lake, Boiling Springs, Pennsylvania 17007
SiteLongwood Progressive Friends Meeting House and Longwood Cemetery:
300 Greenwood Road, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania 19348
SiteMary Ritner Boarding House/John Brown House:
225 East King St, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania 17201
SiteMcAllister's Mill Site:
70 McAllister's Mill Rd, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325
SiteMother Bethel AME Church:
https://www.visitphilly.com/things-to-do/attractions/mother-bethel-african-methodist-episcopal-ame-church
419 Richard Allen Ave, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19147
SiteOld Lancaster County Jail Site:
12-16 North Prince St, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17603
SitePeter Wentz Farmstead:
https://www.montcopa.org/929/Peter-Wentz-Farmstead
2030 Shearer Road, Lansdale, Pennsylvania 19446
SiteRiverview Farm Site:
Arlington Cemetery, Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania 19026
SiteRobert Townsend House:
3rd Ave, New Brighton, Pennsylvania 15066
SiteSandyvale Cemetery Commemorative Site:
Hickory and Messenger Streets, Johnstown, Pennsylvania 15902
SiteThaddeus Stevens Home and Law Office:
45-47 South Queen St, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17602
SiteThaddeus Stevens, U.S. Congressman, Burial Site:
Concord-Shreiner Cemetery, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17603
SiteThaddeus Stevens' Caledonia Iron Furnace Monument:
Caledonia State Park, Fayetteville, Pennsylvania 17222
SiteThe Pines:
721 East Baltimore Pike, Kennet Square, Pennsylvania 19348
SiteWilliam and Phoebe Wright Burial Site:
T-627-East Side, RD 2, York Springs, Latimore Township, Pennsylvania 17372
SiteWilliam C. Goodridge House:
123 East Philadelphia Street, York, Pennsylvania 17403
SiteWilliam Still Burial Site at Eden Cemetery:
1434 Springfield Rd, Collingdale, Pennsylvania 19023
SiteZercher's Hotel:
11 Green Street, Christiana, Pennsylvania 17509
ProgramAtwater Kent Museum, Quest for Freedom: Fridays:
Atwater Kent Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
ProgramAtwater Kent Museum, Quest for Freedom: Schools:
Atwater Kent Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
ProgramAtwater Kent Museum, Quest for Freedom: Teachers:
Atwater Kent Museum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
ProgramBlairsville Passport to Freedom UGRR Experience:
P.O. Box 92, Blairsville, Pennsylvania 15717
ProgramFrederick Douglass Institute, West Chester University, PA:
High and Rosedale Ave, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19383
ProgramJourney to Freedom:
Erie County Historical Society, Thomas B. Hagan History Center, Erie, Pennsylvania 16507
ProgramLancaster County, Quest for Freedom Tour:
PA Dutch CVB, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17601
ProgramLiving the Experience:
512 E Strawberry Street, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17602
ProgramPhiladelphia Quest for Freedom Tour:
http://www.philadelphiahistory.org/education/quest-for-freedom
Greater Phila Tourism Marketing Corp, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103
ProgramUnderground Railroad Camps for Children, Youth and Families:
1936 West Page St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19121
FacilityChester County Historical Society:
225 North High Street, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380
FacilityCity of Philadelphia Archives, Dept of Records:
3101 Market St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
FacilityCumberland County Historical Society:
21 N. Pitt Street, Carlisle, Pennsylvania 17013-0626
FacilityErie County Historical Society,Thomas B. Hagan History Center:
356 West 6th Street, Erie, Pennsylvania 16507
FacilityFirst National Bank Museum:
Second and Locust Streets, Columbia, Pennsylvania 17512
FacilityHeinz History Center:
1212 Smallman St, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222
FacilityHistorical Society of Pennsylvania Library:
1300 Locust Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
FacilityKennett Underground Railroad Center:
505 South Broad St, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania 19348
FacilityLancaster County Historical Society and Presiden James Buchanan's Wheatland:
230 North President Avenue, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17603
FacilityNational Archives and Records Administration Mid-Atlantic:
900 Market St, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
FacilityPennsylvania State Archives:
https://www.phmc.pa.gov/Pages/default.aspx
350 North Street, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120-0090
FacilityState Library of Pennsylvania:
http://www.statelibrary.state.pa.us
333 Market Street, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17126-1745
Rhode Island
ProgramForgotten History: Rhode Island and the Slave Trade:
John Brown House Museum, Providence, Rhode Island 2906
FacilityRhode Island Historical Society:
110 Benevolent St, Providence, Rhode Island 2906
South Carolina
SiteBrattonsville:
1444 Brattonsville Rd., McConnells, South Carolina 29726
SiteFort Howell:
Fort Howell, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina 29925
SiteFour Holes Swamp:
https://sc.audubon.org/visit/beidler
336 Sanctuary Road, Harleyville , South Carolina 29448
SiteHampton Plantation:
1950 Rutledge Rd, McClellanville, South Carolina 29458
SiteMitchelville:
Mitchelville Freedom Park, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina 29925
SiteRobert Smalls Burial Site at Tabernacle Baptist Church:
907 Craven St, Beaufort, South Carolina 29902
SiteSeizure of the Planter Marker:
Intersection of East Bay St and Waterside (Harbor Seawall Walkway), Charleston, South Carolina 29401
SiteStono Slave Rebellion at the Elliot and Rose Plantations :
5200 Savannah Highway, Ravenel, South Carolina 29470
FacilityHeritage Library of Hilton Head Island:
852 William Hilton Pkwy, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina 29928
SiteJohn Cross Burial Site at Hope Cemetery:
22650-22654 374th Ave, Wessington, South Dakota 57382
Tennessee
SiteFort Donelson National Battlefield:
https://www.nps.gov/fodo/index.htm
International Freedom Institute of the Southwest, Dover, Tennessee 37058
SiteFort Negley Park:
fortnegley.nashville.gov
1100 Fort Negley Blvd, Nashville, Tennessee 37203
SiteJacob Cummings Escape from Moccasin Bend:
https://www.nps.gov/chch
707 Moccasin Bend Rd, Chattanooga, Tennessee 37405
SiteStones River National Battlefield:
3501 Old Nashville Highway, Murfreesboto, Tennessee 37129
ProgramStories From Da Dirt:
717 Queen St., Clarksville, Tennessee 37042
Texas
SiteSeminole Indian Scouts Cemetery:
http://www.seminolecemeteryassociation.com/cemetery.html
P.O. Box 1797, Brackettville, Texas 78832
ProgramBlazing Trails to Freedom: The Underground Railroad:
120 Lock D Rd, Houston,, Texas 77052-2536
ProgramResurrection of Harriet Tubman-Escape to Freedom:
http://www.flyinggeese.org
P. O. Box 740606, Houston, Texas 77274-0606
U.S. Virgin Islands
SiteFort Christiansvaern Waterfront at Christiansted NHS:
Christiansted NHS, Christiansted, U.S. Virgin Islands 820
SiteLeinster Bay Waterfront :
1300 Cruz Bay Creek, St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands 830
Vermont
SiteRokeby Museum:
http://rokeby.org
4334 Route 7, Ferrisburgh, Vermont 5456
Virginia
SiteAfrican Methodist Society (Emanuel AME):
Emanuel AME Church, Portsmouth, Virginia 23704
SiteAlexandria Freedmen's Cemetery:
1001 South Washington Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314
SiteAppomattox Plantation:
https://www.nps.gov/pete/index.htm
Appomattox Plantation, Hopewell, Virginia 23860
SiteAquia Landing:
2846 Brooke Rd, Stafford, Virginia 22554
SiteArlington House, Robert E. Lee Memorial:
George Washington Memorial Parkway, McLean, Virginia 22101
SiteBirch Slave Pen:
1315 Duke Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314
SiteBrentsville Courthouse and Jail:
12229 Bristow Rd., Bristow, Virginia 20136
SiteBruin's Slave Jail:
1707 Duke Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314
SiteBuckland Farm:
http://www.bucklandva.org
8230 Buckland Mill Road, Gainesville, Virginia 20155
SiteConn's Ferry:
Riverbend Park, Great Falls, Virginia 22066
SiteDowntown Norfolk Waterfront:
c/o Room 1006 Norfolk City Hall, Norfolk, Virginia 23510-2717
SiteEvergreen:
15900 Berkeley Drive, Haymarket, Virginia 220169
SiteFort Monroe: Freedom's Fortress:
https://www.nps.gov/fomr
Fort Monroe, Fort Monroe, Virginia 23651
SiteGadsby's Tavern Museum:
134 North Royal St., Alexandria, Virginia 22314
SiteGreat Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge:
https://www.fws.gov/refuge/great_dismal_swamp
PO Box 349, Suffolk, Virginia 23439-0349
SiteJames A. Fields House:
617 " 27th Street, Newport News, Virginia 23607
SiteKitty Payne Site, Rappahannock County Jail:
383 Porter Street, Washington, Virginia 22747
SiteLeesylvania:
2001 Daniel K. Ludwig Drive, Woodridge, Virginia 22191
SiteLeonard Black, Rev., Burial Site:
People's Memorial Cemetery, Petersburg, Virginia 23803
SiteLoudoun County Courthouse:
18 E. Market Street, Leesburg, Virginia 20176
SiteMelrose Farm:
14428 Loyalty Road, Waterford, Virginia 20197
SiteMoncure Conway House:
305 King St., Falmouth, Virginia 22405
SiteOatlands Plantation:
20850 Oatlands Plantation Lane, Leesburg, Virginia 20175
SitePetersburg Court House:
1 Courthouse Avenue, Petersburg, Virginia 23803
SiteRippon Lodge:
Museum of the Confederacy, Woodbridge, VA, Virginia 22191
SiteSpotsylvania County Courthouse Jail:
9012 Courthouse Rd, Spotsylvania, Virginia 22553
SiteSully Historic Site:
3601 Sully Road, Chantilly, Virginia 20151
SiteTangier Island:
Southernmost mile of Tangier Island, Tangier, Virginia 23440
SiteThe Old Jail (Fauquier History Museum):
http://www.fauquierhistory.com
Fauquier History Musem, Warrenton, Virginia 22186
ProgramAfrican Americans: From Slavery to Emancipation:
428 North Boulevard, Richmond, Virginia 23219
FacilityAfro-American Historical Association of Fauquier County:
4243 Loudoun Ave., The Plains, Virginia 20198
FacilityAlexandria Archaeology Museum:
105 North Union Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314
FacilityAlexandria Library Special Collections Branch:
4110 Chain Bridge Rd., Ste 315, Alexandria, Virginia 22314
FacilityFairfax Circuit Court - Historical Records Room:
http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/chancery/faq
15520 Blackburn Road, Fairfax, Virginia 22030
FacilityLibrary of Virginia:
800 East Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219-8000
FacilityThomas Balch Library:
208 W. Market St.,, Leesburg, VA, Virginia 20176
FacilityVirginia Historical Society:
Highway 76 West, Richmond, Virginia 23220
West Virginia
SiteHarpers Ferry National Historical Park:
PO Box 65, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia 25425
FacilityWest Virginia State Archives:
http://www.wvculture.org/history
1900 Kanawha Boulevard, East, Charleston, West Virginia 25305-0300
Wisconsin
SiteA. P. Dutton Warehouse:
Gaslight Pointe, Racine, Wisconsin 53403
SiteFirst Presbyterian Church of Green Bay:
http://unionucc.com
716 South Madison Street, Green Bay, Wisconsin 54301
SiteFirst Presbyterian Church of Racine, Wisconsin:
http://firstpresracine.org/about-us/underground-railroad
716 College Avenue, Racine, Wisconsin 53403
SiteJonathan Walker's House Site:
Undisclosed, Lyndon, Wisconsin 66666
SiteJoshua Glover Rescue Site:
P. O. Box 100409, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53210
SiteMilton House Museum:
http://www.miltonhouse.org
18 South Janesville Street, Milton, Wisconsin 53563
SiteMonument Square:
701 South Main Street, Racine, Wisconsin 53403
SiteSamuel Brown Farm Site:
1919 W Fond Du Lac Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53205
ProgramMilton House Museum (tour):
http://www.miltonhouse.org
18 South Janesville Street, Milton, Wisconsin 53563
FacilityRacine Heritage Museum:
http://www.spiritofinnovation.org
701 South Main Street, Racine, Wisconsin 53403

Fugitive slave law (1850)
1850 Fugitive slave law:

Fugitive slave law:A bill to amend the act entitled "An act respecting fugitives from justice, and persons escaping from the service of their masters.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled , That the persons who have been, or may hereafter be, appointed commissioners, in virtue of any act of Congress, by the circuit courts of the United States, and who, in consequence of such appointment, are authorised to exercise the powers that any justice of the peace or other magistrate of any of the United States may exercise in respect to offenders for any crime or offence against the United States, by arresting, imprisoning, or bailing the same under and by virtue of the thirty-third section of the act of the twenty-fourth of September seventeen hundred and eighty-nine, entitled "An act to establish the judicial courts of the United States," shall be, and are hereby authorized and required to exercise and discharge all the powers and duties conferred by this act.

Section 2And be it further enacted, That the superior court of each organized territory of the United States shall have the same power to appoint commissioners to take acknowledgments of bail and affidavit, and to take depositions of witnesses in civil causes, which is now possessed by the circuit courts of the United States; and all commissioners who shall hereafter be appointed for such purposes by the superior court of any organized territory of the United States shall possess all the powers and exercise all the duties conferred by law upon the commissioners appointed by the circuit courts of the United States for similar purposes, and shall moreover exercise and discharge all the powers and duties conferred by this act.

Section 3And be it further enacted, That the circuit courts of the United States, and the superior courts of each organized territory of the United States, shall from time to time enlarge the number of commissioners, with a view to afford reasonable facilities to reclaim fugitives from labor, and to the prompt discharge of the duties imposed by this act.

Section 4And be it further enacted, That the commissioners above named shall have concurrent jurisdiction with the judges of the circuit and district courts of the United States, in their respective circuits and districts within the several States, and the judges of the superior courts of the Territories, severally and collectively, in term time and vacation; and shall grant certificates to such claimants, upon satisfactory proof being made, with authority to take and remove such fugitives from service or labor, under the restrictions herein contained, to the State or Territory from which such persons may have escaped or fled.

Section 5And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of all marshals and deputy marshals to obey and execute all warrants and precepts issued under the provisions of this act, when to them directed, and should any marshal or deputy marshal refuse to receive such warrant or other process, when tendered, or to use all proper means diligently to execute the same, he shall, on conviction thereof, be fined in the sum of one thousand dollars to the use of such claimant, on the motion of such claimant, by the circuit or district court for the district of such marshal; and after arrest of such fugitive by such marshal or his deputy, or whilst at any time in his custody, under the provisions of this act, should such fugitive escape, whether with or without the assent of such marshal or his deputy, such marshal shall be liable, on his official bond, to be prosecuted, for the benefit of such claimant, for the full value of the service or labor of said fugitive in the State, Territory or district whence he escaped; and the better to enable the said commissioners, when thus appointed, to execute their duties faithfully and efficiently, in conformity with the requirements of the constitution of the United States and of this act, they are hereby authorized and empowered, within their counties respectively, to appoint in writing under their hands, any one or more suitable persons, from time to time, to execute all such warrants and other process as may be issued by them in the lawful performance of their respective duties; with an authority to such commissioners, or the persons to be appointed by them, to execute process as aforesaid, to summon and call to their aid the bystanders, or posse comitatus of the proper county, when necessary to insure a faithful observance of the clause of the constitution referred to, in conformity with the provisions of this act; and all good citizens are hereby commanded to aid and assist in the prompt and efficient execution of this law, whenever their services may be required, as aforesaid, for that purpose; and said warrants shall run and be executed by said officers anywhere in the State within which they are issued.

Section 6And be it further enacted, That when a person held to service or labor in any State or Territory of the United States has heretofore or shall hereafter escape into another State or Territory of the United States, the person or persons to whom such service or labor may be due, or his, her or their agent or attorney, duly authorised, by power of attorney, in writing, acknowledged and certified under the seal of some legal office or court of the State or Territory in which the same may be executed, may pursue and reclaim such fugitive person, either by procuring a warrant from some one of the courts, judges, or commissioners aforesaid, of the proper circuit, district or county, for the apprehension of such fugitive from service or labor, or by seizing and arresting such fugitive, where the same can be done without process and by taking or causing such person to be taken, forthwith before such court, judge or commissioner, whose duty it shall be to hear and determine the case of such claimant in a summary manner; and upon satisfactory proof being made, by deposition or affidavit, in writing, to be taken and certified by such court judge or commissioner or by other satisfactory testimony, duly taken and certified by some court, magistrate, justice of the peace, or other legal officer authorized to administer an oath and take depositions under the laws of the State or Territory from which such person owing service or labor may have escaped, with a certificate of such magistracy or other authority, as aforesaid, with the seal of the proper court or officer thereto attached, which seal shall be sufficient to establish the competency of the proof, and with proof, also by affidavit, of the identity of the person whose service or labor is claimed to be due as aforesaid, that the person so arrested does in fact owe service or labor to the person or persons claiming him or her, in the State or Territory from which such fugitive may have escaped as aforesaid, and that said person escaped, to make out and deliver to such claimant, his or her agent or attorney, a certificate setting forth the substantial facts as to the service or labor due from such fugitive to the claimant, and of his or her escape from the State or Territory in which such service or labor was due to the State or Territory in which he or she was arrested, with authority to such claimant, or his or her agent or attorney, to use such reasonable force and restraint as may be necessary under the circumstances of the case, to take and remove such fugitive person back to the State or Territory from whence he or she may have escaped as aforesaid. In no trial or hearing under this act shall the testimony of such alleged fugitive be admitted in evidence; and the certificates in this and the first section mentioned shall be conclusive of the right of the person or persons in whose favor granted to remove such fugitive to the State or Territory from which he escaped, and shall prevent all molestation of said person or persons by any process issued by any court, judge, magistrate, or other person whomsoever.

Section 7And be it further enacted, That any person who shall knowingly and willingly obstruct, hinder, or prevent such claimant, his agent or attorney, or any person or persons lawfully assisting him, her, or them, from arresting such a fugitive from service or labor, either with or aforesaid; or shall to rescue, such fugitive or labor, or from the custody of , his or her agent or attorney or other persons or persons lawfully assisting as aforesaid, when so arrested, pursuant to the authority herein given and declared; or shall aid, abet, or assist such person, so owing service or labor as aforesaid, directly or indirectly, to escape from such claimant, his agent or attorney, or other person or persons legally authorized as aforesaid; or shall harbor or conceal such fugitive, so as to prevent the discovery and arrest of such person, after notice or knowledge of the fact that such person was a fugitive from service or labor as aforesaid, shall, for either of said offences, be subject to a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, and imprisonment not exceeding six months, by indictment and conviction before the District Court of the United States for the district in which such offence may have been committed, or before the proper court of criminal jurisdiction, if committed within any one of the organized Territories of the United States; and shall moreover forfeit and pay, by way of civil damages to the party injured by such illegal conduct, the sum of one thousand dollars for each fugitive so lost as aforesaid, to be recovered by action of debt in any of the District or Territorial Courts aforesaid, within whose jurisdiction the said offence may have been committed.

Section 8And be it further enacted, That the marshals, their deputies, and the clerks of the said district and territorial courts, shall be paid for their services the like fees as may be allowed to them for similar services in other cases; and where such services are rendered exclusively in the arrest, custody, and delivery of the fugitive to the claimant, his or her agent or attorney, or where such supposed fugitive may be discharged out of the custody from the want of sufficient proof as aforesaid, then such fees are to be paid in the whole by such complainant, his agent or attorney; and in al cases where the proceedings are before a commissioner, he shall be entitled to a fee of ten dollars in full for his services in each case, upon the delivery of the said certificate to the claimant, his or her agent or attorney; or a fee of five dollars in cases where proof shall not, in the opinion of such certificate and deliver, inclusive of all services incident to such arrest and examination, to be paid, in either case, by the claimant, his or her agent of attorney. The person or persons authorized to execute the process to be issued by such commissioners for the arrest and detention of fugitives from service or laborer as aforesaid shall also be entitled to a fee of five dollars each for each person he or they may arrest and take before any such commissioner as aforesaid, at the instance and request of such claimant, with such other fees as may be deemed reasonable by such commissioner for such other additional services as may be necessarily performed by him or them: such as attendant to the examination, keeping the fugitive in custody, and providing him with food and lodging during his detention, and until the final determination of such commissioner; and in general for performing such other duties as may be required by such claimant, his or her attorney or agent, or commissioner in the premises; such fees to be made up in conformity with the fees usually charged by the officers of the courts of justice within the proper district or county, as near as may be practicable, and paid by such claimants, their agents or attorneys, whether such supposed fugitive from service or labor be ordered to be delivered to such claimants by the final determination of such commissioners or not.

Section 9And be it further enacted, That upon affidavit made by the claimant of such fugitive, his agent or attorney, after such certificate has been issued, that he has reason to apprehend that such fugitive will be rescued by force from his or their possession before he can be taken beyond the limits of the State in which the arrest is made, it shall be the duty of the officer making the arrest to retain such fugitive in his custody, and to remove him to the State whence he fled, and there to deliver him to said claimant, his agent or attorney. And to this end the officer aforesaid is hereby authorized and required to employ so many persons as he may deem necessary, to overcome such force, and to retain them in his service so long as circumstances may require; the said officer and his assistants, while so employed, to receive the same compensation, and to be allowed the same expenses as are now allowed by law for the transportation of criminals, to be certified by the judge of the district within which the arrest is made, and paid out of the treasury of the United States.

Section 10And be it further enacted, That when any person held to service or labor in any State or Territory, or in the District of Columbia, shall escape therefrom, the party to whom such service or labor shall be due, his, her, or their agent or attorney, may apply to any court of record therein, or judge thereof in vacation, and make such satisfactory proof to such court, or judge, in vacation. of the escape aforesaid, and that the person escaping owed service or labor to such party.—Whereupon the court shall cause a record to be made of the matters so proved, and also a general description of the person so escaping, with such convenient certainty as may be; and a transcript of such record authenticated by the attestation of the clerk, and of the seal of the said court, being produced in any other State, Territory, or District in which the person so escaping may be found, and being exhibited to any judge, commissioner, or other officer, authorized by the law of the United States to cause persons escaping from service or labor to be delivered up, shall be held and taken to be full and conclusive evidence of the fact of escape, and that the service or labor of the person escaping is due to the party in such record mentioned. And upon the production by the said party of other and further evidence, if necessary, either oral or by affidavit, in addition to what is contained in the said record of the identity of the person escaping, he or she shall be delivered up to the claimant. And the said court, commissioner, judge or other person authorized by this act to grant certificates to claimants of fugitives, shall, upon the production of the record and other evidences aforesaid, grant to such claimant a certificate of his right to take any such person identified and proved to be owing service or labor as aforesaid, which certificate shall authorize such claimant to seize or arrest and transport such person to the State or Territory from which he escaped: Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be constructed as requiring the production of a transcript of such record as evidence as aforesaid; but in its absence, the claim shall be heard and determined upon other satisfactory proofs competent in law.

Sypnosis of the Law:

1It clothes any ruffian who may be commissioned to act in this new and infamous office of Slave-Catcher , with magisterial and judicial authority. 2. It commands and requires good citizens to aid in this heartless and brutal business, imposing the work of bloodhounds upon them. 3. It authorizes such kidnappers and rascals as may choose to do so, to arrest or seize persons without "due process of law." 4. It jeopardizes the liberty of every colored person, by requiring merely a " general description ," and by casting out the evidence of the person arrested. 5. It seeks to annul the writ of Habeas Corpus, which tends to secure justice and liberty by delivering a person from false imprisonment, or by removing a case from one court to another. 6. It imposes excessive fines. 7. It denies the citizen a Jury Trial, where his liberty, and perhaps his life, is at stake.

Objections .—It violates the spirit and letter of the Constitution, in the form and manner of seizures or arrests; in its requirements upon good citizens, in imposing excessive fines, in crushing the Habeas Corpus, and in depriving the person arrested of a trial by a jury of his peers. 2. It contravenes the Law of Nature, which is the foundation of all human laws, and which, being dictated by the Almighty himself, is of course superior in obligation to any other. Therefore this enactment of Congress is both unjust and unreasonable, consequently becomes of no binding force—is null and void.

Let it be placed among the abominations! S. M. Africanus , Hartford, Ct.

IShame on the costly mockery of piling stone on stone To those who won our liberties, the Heroes dead and gone, While we look coldly on and see law-shielded ruffians slay The men who fain would win their own, the Heroes of to-day!

IIAre we pledged to craven silence? O fling it to the wind, The parchment wall that bars us from the least of human kind— That makes us cringe and temporise, and dumbly stand at rest, While Pity's burning flood of words upheaves within the breast.

IIIThough we break our fathers' promise, we have nobler duties first, The traitor to humanity is the traitor most accursed:— Man is more than Constitutions; better rot beneath the sod, Than be true to Church and State, while we're doubly false to God.

https://www.loc.gov/resource/rbpe.33700200/?st=text

The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes and safe houses established in the United States during the early- to mid-19th century. It was used by enslaved African Americans primarily to escape into free states and Canada.
Underground Railroad:
  • The network now generally known as the Underground Railroad began in the late 18th century.
  • It ran north and grew steadily until the Emancipation Proclamation was signed by President Abraham Lincoln.
  • One estimate suggests that by 1850, 100,000 enslaved people had escaped via the network.
  • The network was assisted by abolitionists and others sympathetic to the cause of the escapees.
  • The enslaved who risked escape and those who aided them are also collectively referred to as the "Underground Railroad"
  • Various other routes led to Mexico, where slavery had been abolished.
  • Various other routes led to islands in the Caribbean that were not part of the slave trade

An earlier escape route running south toward Florida, then a Spanish possession (except 1763–83), existed from the late 17th century until approximately 1790

At its peak, nearly 1,000 enslaved people per year escaped from slave-holding states using the Underground Railroad – more than 5000 court cases for escaped enslaved were recorded - many fewer than the natural increase of the enslaved population.

Under the original Fugitive Slave Act of 1793, officials from free states were required to assist slaveholders or their agents who recaptured fugitives, but some state legislatures prohibited this, and citizens of many free states ignored the law, and the Underground Railroad thrived.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_Railroad